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The increase of strange-particle yields relative to pions versus charged-particle multiplicity in proton-proton (pp) collisions at the LHC is usually described by microscopic or hydrodynamical models as a result of the increasing density of produced partons or strings and their interactions. Instead, we consider the multiple partonic interaction (MPI) picture originally developed in the context of the PYTHIA event generator. We find that strangeness enhancement in PYTHIA is hidden by a large excess of low-$p_{rm T}$ multi-strange baryons, which mainly results from the hadronization of $u$-quark, $d$-quark and gluon ($udg$) strings. Strange baryons produced in strings formed from parton showers initiated by strange quarks ($s$-fragmentation), however, describe well the spectral shapes of $Xi$ and $Omega$ baryons and their multiplicity dependence. Since the total particle yield contains contributions from soft and hard particle production, which cannot be experimentally separated, we argue that the correct description of the $p_{rm T}$-spectra is a minimum requirement for meaningful comparisons of multiplicity dependent yield measurements to MPI based calculations. We demonstrate that the $s$-fragmentation component describes the increase of average $p_{rm T}$ and yields with multiplicity seen in the data, including the approximate multiplicity scaling for different collision energies. When restricted to processes that reproduce the measured $p_{rm T}$-spectra, the MPI framework exhibits a smooth evolution from strictly proportional multiplicity scaling ($K_{rm S}^0$, $Lambda$, where the $udg$-hadronization component dominates) to linearity ($s$-fragmentation) and on to increasingly non-linear behavior ($c$-, $b$-quark and high-$p_{rm T}$ jet fragmentation), hence providing a unified approach for particle production in pp collisions.
Recently, the CMS Collaboration has published identified particle transverse momentum spectra in high multiplicity events at LHC energies $sqrt s $ = 0.9-13 TeV. In the present work the transverse momentum spectra have been analyzed in the framework
We consider the azimuthal correlations of charged hadron pairs with large total transverse momentum and small relative momentum, produced in proton-proton collisions with one transversely polarized proton. One of these correlations directly probes th
High-multiplicity pp collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies have created special importance in view of the Underlying Event (UE) observables. The recent results of LHC, such as long range angular correlation, flow-like patterns, stran
An unexpected result at the RHIC and the LHC is the observation that high-multiplicity hadronic events in heavy-ion and proton-proton collisions are distributed as two ridges, approximately flat in rapidity and opposite in azimuthal angle. We propose
The transverse momentum ($p_{rm T}$) spectra in proton-proton collisions at $sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, measured by the ALICE experiment at the LHC are analyzed with a thermodynamically consistent Tsallis distribution. The information about the freeze-out sur