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Proposed initially from a practical circumstance, the traveling salesman problem caught the attention of numerous economists, computer scientists, and mathematicians. These theorists were instead intrigued by seeking a systemic way to find the optimal route. Many attempts have been made along the way and all concluded the nonexistence of a general algorithm that determines optimal solution to all traveling salesman problems alike. In this study, we present proof for the nonexistence of such an algorithm for both asymmetric (with oriented roads) and symmetric (with unoriented roads) traveling salesman problems in the setup of constructive mathematics.
Transportation networks frequently employ hub-and-spoke network architectures to route flows between many origin and destination pairs. Hub facilities work as switching points for flows in large networks. In this study, we deal with a problem, called
In this paper, we present a new linear programming (LP) formulation of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The proposed model has O(n^8) variables and O(n^7) constraints, where n is the number of cities. Our numerical experimentation shows that com
Quantum Computing is considered as the next frontier in computing, and it is attracting a lot of attention from the current scientific community. This kind of computation provides to researchers with a revolutionary paradigm for addressing complex op
Interactive theorem provers based on dependent type theory have the flexibility to support both constructive and classical reasoning. Constructive reasoning is supported natively by dependent type theory and classical reasoning is typically supported
We show that numerous distinctive concepts of constructive mathematics arise automatically from an antithesis translation of affine logic into intuitionistic logic via a Chu/Dialectica construction. This includes apartness relations, complemented sub