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A previously published covariant decomposition of the Levi-Civita tensor has demonstrated the strong mathematical parallel between gravity and $N=2$ Yang-Mills theory. We use this to argue that the an $R^2$ type Lagrangian has a stable vacuum of lower energy than the perturbative vacuum. Using a Lagrangian in this form instead of the more conventional Hilbert-Einstein Lagrangian allows us to use the Clairaut-based formalism published by one of us previously to handle gravitys topological degrees of of freedom. We study the effect on second quantisation and discuss the effects on, and of, the particle spectrum.
Pure gauge theories for de Sitter, anti de Sitter and orthogonal groups, in four-dimensional Euclidean spacetime, are studied. It is shown that, if the theory is asymptotically free and a dynamical mass is generated, then an effective geometry may be induced and a gravity theory emerges.
The Effective One-Body formalism of the gravitational two-body problem in general relativity is reconsidered in the light of recent scattering amplitude calculations. Based on the kinematic relationship between momenta and the effective potential, we
We discuss the possibility of a class of gauge theories, in four Euclidean dimensions, to describe gravity at quantum level. The requirement is that, at low energies, these theories can be identified with gravity as a geometrodynamical theory. Specif
The in-out formalism is a systematic and powerful method for finding the effective actions in an electromagnetic field and a curved spacetime provided that the field equation has explicitly known solutions. The effective action becomes complex when p
We discuss the AdS/CFT correspondence in which space-time emerges from an interacting theory of D-branes and open strings. These ideas have a historical continuity with QCD which is an interacting theory of quarks and gluons. In particular we review