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The ability to selectively measure, initialize, and reuse qubits during a quantum circuit enables a mapping of the spatial structure of certain tensor-network states onto the dynamics of quantum circuits, thereby achieving dramatic resource savings when using a quantum computer to simulate many-body systems with limited entanglement. We experimentally demonstrate a significant benefit of this approach to quantum simulation: In addition to all correlation functions, the entanglement structure of an infinite system -- specifically the half-chain entanglement spectrum -- is conveniently encoded within a small register of bond qubits and can be extracted with relative ease. Using a trapped-ion QCCD quantum computer equipped with selective mid-circuit measurement and reset, we quantitatively determine the near-critical entanglement entropy of a correlated spin chain directly in the thermodynamic limit and show that its phase transition becomes quickly resolved upon expanding the bond-qubit register.
Quantum computers have the potential to efficiently simulate the dynamics of many interacting quantum particles, a classically intractable task of central importance to fields ranging from chemistry to high-energy physics. However, precision and memo
Fault-tolerant quantum error correction (QEC) is crucial for unlocking the true power of quantum computers. QEC codes use multiple physical qubits to encode a logical qubit, which is protected against errors at the physical qubit level. Here we use a
The availability of a universal quantum computer will have fundamental impact on a vast number of research fields and society as a whole. An increasingly large scientific and industrial community is working towards the realization of such a device. A
Parallel operations in conventional computing have proven to be an essential tool for efficient and practical computation, and the story is not different for quantum computing. Indeed, there exists a large body of works that study advantages of paral
Efficiently entangling pairs of qubits is essential to fully harness the power of quantum computing. Here, we devise an exact protocol that simultaneously entangles arbitrary pairs of qubits on a trapped-ion quantum computer. The protocol requires cl