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Using the sample produced by the AMPT default model, we construct a corresponding mixed sample by the method of mixed events. The mixed sample provides an effective estimation for non-critical fluctuations which are caused by global and systematic effects. The dynamical cumulants of conserved charges are defined as the cumulants of the original sample minus the cumulants of the mixed sample. It is demonstrated that dynamical cumulants are subtracted statistical fluctuations, and centrality bin width or detection efficiency independent, in consistent with formulae corrected cumulants. Therefore, dynamical cumulants are helpful in obtaining critical fluctuations at the RHIC BES.
Higher cumulants of conserved charges are sensitive observables of quantum chromodynamics phase transitions. The sample of mixed events provides a background to estimate non-critical effects of cumulants. Four possible methods for constructing the sa
We calculate several diagonal and non-diagonal fluctuations of conserved charges in a system of 2+1+1 quark flavors with physical masses, on a lattice with size $48^3times12$. Higher order fluctuations at $mu_B=0$ are obtained as derivatives of the l
We study the influence of measured high cumulants of conserved charges on their associated statistical uncertainties in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. With a given number of events, the measured cumulants randomly fluctuate with an approximately
We investigate the effects of repulsive interaction between hadrons on the fluctuations of the conserved charges. We calculate the baryon,the electric charge and the strangeness susceptibilities within the ambit of hadron resonance gas model extended
We consider the effect of volume fluctuations on cumulants of the net baryon number. Based on a general formalism, we derive universal expressions for the net baryon number cumulants in the presence of volume fluctuations with an arbitrary probabilit