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In this paper we show that Sun-viewing images obtained by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Navigation Cameras (Navcam) can be used for retrieving the dust optical depth and constrain the aerosol physical properties at Gale Crater by evaluating the sky brightness as a function of the scattering angle. We have used 65 Sun-pointing images covering a period of almost three Martian years, from MSL mission sol 21 to sol 1646 (MY 31 to 33). Radiometric calibration and geometric reduction were performed on MSL Navcam raw image data records to provide the observed sky radiance as a function of the scattering angle for the near-Sun region (scattering angle from 4{deg} to 30{deg}). These curves were fitted with a multiple scattering radiative transfer model for a plane-parallel Martian atmosphere model using the discrete ordinates method. Modelled sky brightness curves were generated as a function of two parameters: the aerosol particle size distribution effective radius and the dust column optical depth at the surface. A retrieval scheme was implemented for deriving the parameters that generated the best fitting curve under a least-square error criterion. The obtained results present a good agreement with previous work, showing the seasonal dependence of both dust column optical depth and the effectiveparticle radius.
We have produced a multiannual climatology of airborne dust from Martian year 24 to 31 using multiple datasets of retrieved or estimated column optical depths. The datasets are based on observations of the Martian atmosphere from April 1999 to July 2
Dust aerosol plays a fundamental role in the behavior and evolution of the Martian atmosphere. The first five Mars years of Mars Exploration Rover data provide an unprecedented record of the dust load at two sites. This record is useful for character
Dust is the main driver of Mars atmospheric variability. The determination of Martian dust aerosol properties is of high relevance for radiative modelling and calculating its weather forcing. In particular, the light scattering behaviour at intermedi
A Martian semiannual oscillation (SAO), similar to that in the Earths tropical stratosphere, is evident in the Mars Analysis Correction Data Assimilation reanalysis dataset (MACDA) version 1.0, not only in the tropics, but also extending to higher la
Data assimilation is an increasingly popular technique in Mars atmospheric science, but its effect on the mean states of the underlying atmosphere models has not been thoroughly examined. The robustness of results to the choice of model and assimilat