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We show that the nonlinear $sigma-$model in an asymptotically $AdS_3$ space-time admits a novel local symmetry. The field action is assumed to be quartic in the nonlinear $sigma-$model fields and minimally coupled to gravity. The local symmetry transformation simultaneously twists the nonlinear $sigma-$model fields and changes the space-time metric, and it can be used to map an extremal $BTZ$ black hole to infinitely many hairy black hole solutions.
The specific nonlinear vector $sigma$-model coupled to Einstein gravity is investigated. The model arises in the studies of the gravitating matter in non-commutative geometry. The static spherically symmetric spacetimes are identified by direct solvi
The non-rotating BTZ solution is expressed in terms of coordinates that allow for an arbitrary time-dependent scale factor in the boundary metric. We provide explicit expressions for the coordinate transformation that generates this form of the metri
We consider gedanken experiments to destroy an extremal or near-extremal BTZ black hole by throwing matter into the horizon. These black holes are vacuum solutions to (2+1)-dimensional gravity theories, and are asymptotically $mathrm{AdS}_3$. Provide
We revisit the physical effects of discrete $mathbb{Z}_p$ gauge charge on black hole thermodynamics, building on the seminal work of Coleman, Preskill, and Wilczek. Realising the discrete theory from the spontaneous breaking of an Abelian gauge theor
Motivated by black hole solutions with matter fields outside their horizon, we study the effect of these matter fields in the motion of massless and massive particles. We consider as background a four-dimensional asymptotically AdS black hole with sc