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Small galaxies are thought to be the main contributors to the ionising budget of the Universe before reionisation was complete. There have been a number of numerical studies trying to quantify their ionising efficiency through the escape fraction $f_{esc}$. While there is a clear trend that $f_{esc}$ is higher for smaller haloes, there is a large scatter in the distribution of $f_{esc}$ for a single halo mass. We propose that this is due to the intrinsic burstiness of star formation in low mass galaxies. We performed high resolution radiative hydrodynamics simulations with Ramses-RT to model the evolution of three galaxies and their ionising efficiency. We found that the variability of $f_{esc}$ follows that of the star formation rate. We then discuss the consequences of this variability on the observability of such galaxies by JWST.
Cosmic Dawn (CoDa) II yields the first statistically-meaningful determination of the relative contribution to reionization by galaxies of different halo mass, from a fully-coupled radiation-hydrodynamics simulation of the epoch of reionization large
We present new deep ALMA and HST/WFC3 observations of MASOSA and VR7, two luminous Ly$alpha$ emitters (LAEs) at $z=6.5$, for which the UV continuum level differ by a factor four. No IR dust continuum emission is detected in either, indicating little
The (re)ionisation of hydrogen in the early universe has a profound effect on the formation of the first galaxies: by raising the gas temperature and pressure, it prevents gas from cooling into small haloes thus affecting the abundance of present-day
We investigate the impact of neutral hydrogen (HI) in galaxies on the statistics of 21-cm fluctuations using analytic and semi-numerical modelling. Following the reionisation of hydrogen the HI content of the Universe is dominated by damped absorptio
We present the photometric properties of galaxies in the First Light and Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES). The simulations trace the evolution of galaxies in a range of overdensities through the Epoch of Reionistion (EoR). With a novel weighti