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We present large scale observations of C18O(1-0) towards four massive star forming regions for MON R2, S156, DR17/L906 and M17/M18. The transitions of H2CO(110-111), C18O(1-0) and 6 cm continuum were compared towards the four regions. Analysis of observation and Non--LTE model results shows that the brightness temperature of the formaldehyde absorption line is strongest in background continuum temperature range of about 3 - 8 K. The excitation of the H2CO absorption line is affected by strong background continuum emission. From the comparison of H2CO and C18O maps, we found that the extent of H2CO absorption is broader than that of C18O emission in the four regions. Except for the DR17 region, the H2CO absorption maximum is located at the same position with the C18O peak. The good correlation between intensities and widths of H2CO absorption and C18O emission lines indicate that the H2CO absorption line can trace dense and warm regions of the molecular cloud. Finding that N(H2CO) was well correlated with N(C18O) in the four regions and that the average column density ratio is <H2CO/N(C18O)> ~ 0.03.
Aims. We seek to understand how the 4.8 GHz formaldehyde absorption line is distributed in the MON R2, S156, DR17/L906, and M17/M18 regions. More specifically, we look for the relationship among the H2CO, 12CO, and 13CO spectral lines. Methods. The f
A survey of C2H N=1-0 and N2H+ J=1-0 toward Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) was performed using the Purple Mountain Observatorys 13.7 m telescope. C2H and N2H+ were chosen to study the chemical evolutionary states of PGCCs. Among 121 observed mol
We investigate the spectral correlations between different species used to observe molecular clouds. We use hydrodynamic simulations and a full chemical network to study the abundances of over 150 species in typical Milky Way molecular clouds. We per
Atoms and molecules, and in particular CO, are important coolants during the evolution of interstellar star-forming gas clouds. The presence of dust grains, which allow many chemical reactions to occur on their surfaces, strongly impacts the chemical
Dust and gas energetics are incorporated into a cluster-scale simulation of star formation in order to study the effect of heating and cooling on the star formation process. We build on our previous work by calculating separately the dust and gas tem