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We have built a 45-cm long x-ray deformable mirror of super-polished single-crystal silicon that has 45 actuators along the tangential axis. After assembly the surface height error was 19 nm rms. With use of high-precision visible-light metrology and precise control algorithms, we have actuated the x-ray deformable mirror and flattened its entire surface to 0.7 nm rms controllable figure error. This is, to our knowledge, the first sub-nanometer active flattening of a substrate longer than 15 cm.
X-ray mirrors with high focusing performances are in use in both mirror modules for X-ray telescopes and in synchrotron and FEL (Free Electron Laser) beamlines. A degradation of the focus sharpness arises in general from geometrical deformations and
We report on hard X-ray observations of X-ray Nova Velorum 1993 (GRS 1009-45) performed with the SIGMA coded mask X-ray telescope in January 1994. The source was clearly detected with a flux of about 60 mCrab in the 40-150 keV energy band during the
Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are silicon sensors with a built-in charge multiplication layer providing a gain of typically 10 to 50. Due to the combination of high signal-to-noise ratio and short rise time, thin LGADs provide good time resolu
In order to evaluate the potential of MEMS deformable mirrors for open-loop applications, a complete calibration process was performed on a 1024-actuator mirror. The mirror must be perfectly calibrated to obtain deterministic membrane deflection. The
The color X-ray camera (SLcam) is a full-field single photon imager. As stand-alone camera, it is applicable for energy and space-resolved X-ray detection measurements. The exchangeable poly-capillary optics in front of a beryllium entrance window co