ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
We use the James Clerk Maxwell Telescopes SCUBA-2 camera to image a 400 arcmin^2 area surrounding the GOODS-N field. The 850 micron rms noise ranges from a value of 0.49 mJy in the central region to 3.5 mJy at the outside edge. From these data, we construct an 850 micron source catalog to 2 mJy containing 49 sources detected above the 4-sigma level. We use an ultradeep (11.5 uJy at 5-sigma) 1.4 GHz image obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array together with observations made with the Submillimeter Array to identify counterparts to the submillimeter galaxies. For most cases of multiple radio counterparts, we can identify the correct counterpart from new and existing Submillimeter Array data. We have spectroscopic redshifts for 62% of the radio sources in the 9 arcmin radius highest sensitivity region (556/894) and 67% of the radio sources in the GOODS-N region (367/543). We supplement these with a modest number of additional photometric redshifts in the GOODS-N region (30). We measure millimetric redshifts from the radio to submillimeter flux ratios for the unidentified submillimeter sample, assuming an Arp 220 spectral energy distribution. We find a radio flux dependent K-z relation for the radio sources, which we use to estimate redshifts for the remaining radio sources. We determine the star formation rates (SFRs) of the submillimeter sources based on their radio powers and their submillimeter and find that they agree well. The radio data are deep enough to detect star-forming galaxies with SFRs >2000 solar masses per year to z~6. We find galaxies with SFRs up to ~6,000 solar masses per year over the redshift range z=1.5-6, but we see evidence for a turn-down in the SFR distribution function above 2000 solar masses per year.
We present here a three-dimesional hydrodynamical simulation for star formation. Our aim is to explore the effect of the metal-line cooling on the thermodynamics of the star-formation process. We explore the effect of changing the metallicty of the g
We have used integral field spectroscopy of a sample of six nearby (z~0.01-0.04) high star-formation rate (SFR~10-40 solar masses per year) galaxies to investigate the relationship between local velocity dispersion and star formation rate on sub-gala
As progenitors of the most massive objects, protoclusters are key to tracing the evolution and star-formation history of the Universe, and are responsible for ${gtrsim},20$ per cent of the cosmic star formation at $z,{>},2$. Using a combination of st
We post-process galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulations with SKIRT radiative transfer calculations to make predictions for the rest-frame near-infrared (NIR) and far-infrared (FIR) properties of galaxies at $zgeq 4$. The rest-frame $K$- and $z$-band
The formation of supermassive stars has generally been studied under the assumption of rapid accretion of pristine metal-free gas. Recently it was found, however, that gas enriched to metallicities up to $Z sim 10^{-3}$ Z$_{odot}$ can also facilitate