ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Exploring the very high energy gamma-ray emission (E > 100 GeV) of the hard spectrum Fermi sources 1FGL J2001.1+4351 and B3-2247+381 with MAGIC

52   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Karsten Berger
 تاريخ النشر 2011
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

MAGIC, a stereoscopic cherenkov telescope array, sensitive to gamma-rays between 50 GeV and several tens of TeV, is ideally suited to observe promising Fermi LAT sources with a hard gamma-ray spectrum. Here we discuss the discovery of very high energy gamma-ray (VHE, E > 100 GeV) emission from the Fermi LAT sources 1FGL J2001.1+4351 and B3-2247+381 with MAGIC. 1FGL J2001.1+4351, recently identified as MG4 J200112+4352 (Bassani et al. 2010), is most likely a high peaked BL Lacertae object. The red shift of this source is still unknown, though the identification of the optical host galaxy suggests z < 0.2. MAGIC observations indicate short term variability, since the source showed a strong emission of 20% of the Crab Nebula flux above 90 GeV during the 16th of July 2010 and none of the other observation nights yielded a detection. B3-2247+381 is classified as a BL Lac object at z = 0.1187 (Veron-Cetty & Veron catalogue of known AGN). In July 2010 it showed increased optical activity in the Tuorla blazar monitoring program, which subsequently activated target of opportunity observations by MAGIC. Within 18 hours of observation time extended over 13 days between September and October 2010, a strong signal was found above an energy threshold of 150 GeV. The flux (4% of the Crab Nebula) is consistent with being constant over the entire observation campaign. We compute the light curves, model the spectral energy distributions of these new very high energy gamma-ray emitters and discuss the physical properties of the VHE gamma-ray emission region.

قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

We study the non-thermal jet emission of the BL Lac object B3 2247+381 during a high optical state. The MAGIC telescopes observed the source during 13 nights between September 30th and October 30th 2010, collecting a total of 14.2 hours of good quali ty very high energy (VHE) $gamma$-ray data. Simultaneous multiwavelength data was obtained with X-ray observations by the Swift satellite and optical R-band observations at the KVA-telescope. We also use high energy $gamma$-ray (HE, 0.1 GeV-100 GeV) data from the Fermi satellite. The BL Lac object B3 2247+381 (z=0.119) was detected, for the first time, at VHE $gamma$-rays at a statistical significance of 5.6 $sigma$. A soft VHE spectrum with a photon index of -3.2 $pm$ 0.6 was determined. No significant short term flux variations were found. We model the spectral energy distribution using a one-zone SSC-model, which can successfully describe our data.
We report the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) detection of two very-high-energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray photons from the directional vicinity of the distant (redshift, z = 1.1) blazar PKS 0426-380. The null hypothesis that both the 134 and 122 Ge V photons originate from unrelated sources can be rejected at the 5.5 sigma confidence level. We therefore claim that at least one of the two VHE photons is securely associated with the blazar, making PKS 0426-380 the most distant VHE emitter known to date. The results are in agreement with the most recent Fermi-LAT constraints on the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) intensity, which imply a $z simeq 1$ horizon for $simeq$ 100 GeV photons. The LAT detection of the two VHE gamma-rays coincided roughly with flaring states of the source, although we did not find an exact correspondence between the VHE photon arrival times and the flux maxima at lower gamma-ray energies. Modeling the gamma-ray continuum of PKS 0426-380 with daily bins revealed a significant spectral hardening around the time of detection of the first VHE event (LAT photon index Gamma $simeq$ 1.4) but on the other hand no pronounced spectral changes near the detection time of the second one. This combination implies a rather complex variability pattern of the source in gamma rays during the flaring epochs. An additional flat component is possibly present above several tens of GeV in the EBL-corrected Fermi-LAT spectrum accumulated over the ~8-month high state.
Geminga is a nearby (250 pc) middle-aged (spin-down time scale ~12,000 years) pulsar associated with a supernova remnant. Geminga has been a prime candidate for the origin of the unexpectedly high flux of cosmic-ray positrons above 10 GeV detected at Earth. Extended TeV gamma-ray emission from a 2-degree region around the Geminga pulsar was detected by the HAWC observatory, thus suggesting efficient, high-energy leptonic acceleration. Fermi-LAT observations show that the density of GeV leptons in the TeV nebula is lower than predicted by single zone and two zone diffusion models constrained with the HAWC measurements. However, the energy gap between Fermi-LAT and HAWC (~500 GeV to ~1 TeV) remains under-examined. The VERITAS gamma-ray observatory is sensitive in the energy range from 100 GeV to greater than 30 TeV, filling the gap between Fermi-LAT and HAWC. Therefore, VERITAS measurements potentially provide missing information. VERITAS has observed Geminga for 93 hours since 2009 including 28 hours in the 2018/2019 season. However, the standard VERITAS data analysis techniques have insufficient sensitivity to sources extended at the scale of the HAWC detection, due to difficulties with background estimation. We developed the Matched Runs Method (MRM) for VERITAS analysis of spatially extended sources. MRM has been demonstrated to be an effective technique by applying it to archival VERITAS data, and we are currently applying it to the Geminga observations. Here we present the summary of the MRM.
Recent data from the emph{Fermi} Large Area Telescope have revealed about a dozen distant hard-spectrum blazars that have very-high-energy (VHE; $gtrsim 100$ GeV) photons associated with them, but most of them have not yet been detected by imaging at mospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Most of these high-energy gamma-ray spectra, like those of other extreme high-frequency peaked BL Lac objects, can be well explained either by gamma rays emitted at the source or by cascades induced by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, as we show specifically for KUV 00311$-$1938. We consider the prospects for detection of the VHE sources by the planned Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) and show how it can distinguish the two scenarios by measuring the integrated flux above $sim 500$ GeV (depending on source redshift) for several luminous sources with $z lesssim 1$ in the sample. Strong evidence for the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays could be obtained from VHE observations with CTA. Depending on redshift, if the often quoted redshift of KUV 00311-1938 ($z = 0.61$) is believed, preliminary H.E.S.S. data favor cascades induced by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. Accurate redshift measurements of hard-spectrum blazars are essential for this study.
We report on the detection of very-high energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from NGC 1275, the central radio galaxy of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. The source has been detected by the MAGIC telescopes with a statistical significance of 6.6 sigma above 100 GeV in 46 hr of stereo observations carried out between August 2010 and February 2011. The measured differential energy spectrum between 70 GeV and 500 GeV can be described by a power law with a steep spectral index of Gamma=-4.1+/-0.7stat+/-0.3syst, and the average flux above 100 GeV is F_{gamma}=(1.3+/-0.2stat+/-0.3syst) x 10^-11 cm^-2 s^-1. These results, combined with the power-law spectrum measured in the first two years of observations by the Fermi-LAT above 100 MeV, with a spectral index of Gamma ~ -2.1, strongly suggest the presence of a break or cut-off around tens of GeV in the NGC 1275 spectrum. The light curve of the source above 100 GeV does not show hints of variability on a month time scale. Finally, we report on the nondetection in the present data of the radio galaxy IC 310, previously discovered by the Fermi-LAT and MAGIC. The derived flux upper limit F^{U.L.}_{gamma} (>300 GeV)=1.2 x 10^-12 cm^-2 s^-1 is a factor ~ 3 lower than the mean flux measured by MAGIC between October 2009 and February 2010, thus confirming the year time-scale variability of the source at VHE.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا