ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Ordered and chaotic spirals in disk galaxies

92   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Enrico Maria Corsini
 تاريخ النشر 2010
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

The pattern speeds of spiral galaxies are closely related to the flow of material in their disks. Flows that follow the `precessing ellipses paradigm (see e.g., Kalnajs 1973) are likely associated with slowly rotating spirals, which have corotation beyond their end. Such a flow can be secured by material trapped around stable, elliptical, x_1 periodic orbits precessing as their Jacobi constant varies. Contrarily, if part of the spiral arms is located at a corotation region then the spiral structure has to `survive in chaotic regions. Barred-spiral systems with a single pattern speed and a bar ending before, but close to, corotation are candidates for having spirals supported by stars in chaotic motion. In this work we review the flows we have found in response models for various types of spiral potentials and indicate the cases, where order or chaos shapes the observed morphologies.


قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

We built models for low bulge mass spiral galaxies (late type as defined by the Hubble classification) using a 3-D self-gravitating model for spiral arms, and analyzed the orbital dynamics as a function of pitch angle, going from 10$deg$ to 60$deg$. Testing undirectly orbital self-consistency, we search for the main periodic orbits and studied the density response. For pitch angles up to approximately $sim 20deg$, the response supports closely the potential permitting readily the presence of long lasting spiral structures. The density response tends to avoid larger pitch angles in the potential, by keeping smaller pitch angles in the corresponding response. Spiral arms with pitch angles larger than $sim 20deg$, would not be long-lasting structures but rather transient. On the other hand, from an extensive orbital study in phase space, we also find that for late type galaxies with pitch angles larger than $sim 50deg$, chaos becomes pervasive destroying the ordered phase space surrounding the main stable periodic and quasi-periodic orbits and even destroying them. This result is in good agreement with observations of late type galaxies, where the maximum observed pitch angle is $sim 50deg$.
We study the conditions for disk galaxies to produce superbubbles that can break out of the disk and produce a galactic wind. We argue that the threshold surface density of supernovae rate for seeding a wind depends on the ability of superbubble ener getics to compensate for radiative cooling. We first adapt Kompaneets formalism for expanding bubbles in a stratified medium to the case of continuous energy injection and include the effects of radiative cooling in the shell. With the help of hydrodynamic simulations, we then study the evolution of superbubbles evolving in stratified disks with typical disk parameters. We identify two crucial energy injection rates that differ in their effects, the corresponding breakout ranging from being gentle to a vigorous one. (a) Superbubbles that break out of the disk with a Mach number of order 2-3 correspond to an energy injection rate of order 10^{-4} erg cm^{-2} s^{-1}, which is relevant for disk galaxies with synchrotron emitting gas in the extra-planar regions. (b) A larger energy injection threshold, of order 10^{-3} erg cm^{-2} s^{-1}, or equivalently, a star formation surface density of sim 0.1 solar mass yr^{-1} kpc^{-2}, corresponds to superbubbles with a Mach number sim 5-10. While the milder superbubbles can be produced by large OB associations, the latter kind requires super-starclusters. These derived conditions compare well with observations of disk galaxies with winds and the existence of multiphase halo gas. Furthermore, we find that contrary to the general belief that superbubbles fragment through Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability when they reach a vertical height of order the scale height, the superbubbles are first affected by thermal instability for typical disk parameters and that RT instability takes over when the shells reach a distance of approximately twice the scale height.
We highlight two research strands related to our ongoing chemodynamical Galactic Archaeology efforts: (i) the spatio-temporal infall rate of gas onto the disk, drawing analogies with the infall behaviour imposed by classical galactic chemical evoluti on models of inside-out disk growth; (ii) the radial age gradient predicted by spectrophometric models of disk galaxies. In relation to (i), at low-redshift, we find that half of the infall onto the disk is gas associated with the corona, while half can be associated with cooler gas streams; we also find that gas enters the disk preferentially orthogonal to the system, rather than in-plane. In relation to (ii), we recover age gradient troughs/inflections consistent with those observed in nature, without recourse to radial migrations.
89 - J. Mendez-Abreu 2010
We present high resolution absorption-line spectroscopy of 3 face-on galaxies, NGC 98, NGC 600, and NGC 1703 with the aim of searching for box/peanut (B/P)-shaped bulges. These observations test and confirm the prediction of Debattista et al. (2005) that face-on B/P-shaped bulges can be recognized by a double minimum in the profile of the fourth-order Gauss-Hermite moment h_4. In NGC 1703, which is an unbarred control galaxy, we found no evidence of a B/P bulge. In NGC 98, a clear double minimum in h_4 is present along the major axis of the bar and before the end of the bar, as predicted. In contrast, in NGC 600, which is also a barred galaxy but lacks a substantial bulge, we do not find a significant B/P shape.
We examine the distribution of young stars associated with the spiral arms of a simulated L* cosmological disk galaxy. We find age patterns orthogonal to the arms which are not inconsistent with the predictions of classical density wave theory, a vie w further supported by recent observations of face-on Grand Design spirals such as M51. The distribution of metals within a simulated ~0.1L* disk is presented, reinforcing the link between star formation, the age-metallicity relation, and the metallicity distribution function.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا