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Black holes and neutron stars present extreme forms of matter that cannot be created as such in a laboratory on Earth. Instead, we have to observe and analyze the experiments that are ongoing in the Universe. The most telling observations of black holes and neutron stars come from dense stellar systems, where stars are crowded close enough to each other to undergo frequent interactions. It is the interplay between black holes, neutron stars and other objects in a dense environment that allows us to use observations to draw firm conclusions about the properties of these extreme forms of matter, through comparisons with simulations. The art of modeling dense stellar systems through computer simulations forms the main topic of this review.
We compile observations of the surface mass density profiles of dense stellar systems, including globular clusters in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies, massive star clusters in nearby starbursts, nuclear star clusters in dwarf spheroidals and late-t
Using our recently improved Monte Carlo evolution code, we study the evolution of the binary fraction in globular clusters. In agreement with previous N-body simulations, we find generally that the hard binary fraction in the core tends to increase w
We study dynamical interactions of star--planet binaries with other single stars. We derive analytical cross sections for all possible outcomes, and confirm them with numerical scattering experiments. We find that a wide mass ratio in the binary intr
We describe AMUSE, the Astrophysical Multipurpose Software Environment, a programming framework designed to manage multi-scale, multi-physics simulations in a hierarchical, extensible, and internally consistent way. Constructed as a collection of ind
This chapter is based on four lectures given at the Cambridge N-body school Cambody. The material covered includes the IMF, the 6D structure of dense clusters, residual gas expulsion and the initial binary population. It is aimed at those needing to