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We obtain a general result for the Lamb shift of excited states of multi-level atoms in inhomogeneous electromagnetic structures and apply it to study atomic hydrogen in inverse-opal photonic crystals. We find that the photonic-crystal environment can lead to very large values of the Lamb shift, as compared to the case of vacuum. We also predict that the position-dependent Lamb shift should extend from a single level to a mini-band for an assemble of atoms with random distribution in space, similar to the velocity-dependent Doppler effect in atomic/molecular gases.
Hybrid quantum systems consisting of an ensemble of two--level systems interacting with a single--mode electromagnetic field are important for the development of quantum information processors and other quantum devices. These systems are characterize
Topological manipulation of waves is at the heart of the cutting-edge metamaterial researches. Quadrupole topological insulators were recently discovered in two-dimensional (2D) flux-threading lattices which exhibit higher-order topological wave trap
We study the vacuum radiative corrections to energy levels of a confined electron in quantum rings. The calculations are provided for the Lamb shift of energy levels in low-momentum region of virtual photons and for both one-dimensional and two-dimen
Efficient numeric algorithm is the key for accurate evaluation of density of states (DOS) in band theory. Gilat-Raubenheimer (GR) method proposed in 1966 is an efficient linear extrapolation method which was limited in specific lattices. Here, using
The periodic changes in physical and chemical properties of the chemical elements is caused by the periodic change of the ionization energies. The ionization energy of each element is constant and this manifests itself in the periodic table. However,