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Recently found accelarated expansion of our Universe is due to the presence of a new kind of matter called $Lambda$ - field or quintessence. The limitations on its equation of state are found from the fact of its unclustering at all scales much smaller than the cosmological horizon. It is discussed how these limitations affect on the possibility to approximate the accelarated expansion by such cosmological models as the model of Chaplygin gas.
We investigate how an equation of state for matter is affected when a gravity is present. For this purpose, we consider a box of ideal gas in the presence of Newtonian gravity. In addition to the ordinary thermodynamic quantities, a characteristic va
The structure of the equation of state $omega$ could be very complicate in nature while a few linear models have been successful in cosmological predictions. Linear models are treated as leading approximation of a complete Taylor series in this paper
Gravitational-wave measurements of the tidal deformability in neutron-star binary coalescences can be used to infer the still unknown equation of state (EoS) of dense matter above the nuclear saturation density. By employing a Bayesian-ranking test w
We perform an analysis where Einsteins field equation is derived by means of very simple thermodynamical arguments. Our derivation is based on a consideration of the properties of a very small, spacelike two-plane in a uniformly accelerating motion.
A unique constraint is defined within the framework of scalar-tensor theories, whereby the conformal factor is fixed to the fluctuation associated to the effective mass of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for a Klein-Gordon field. The effective mass is e