اشترك بالحزمة الذهبية واحصل على وصول غير محدود شمرا أكاديميا
تسجيل مستخدم جديدDirect observation of the phonon energy in a Bose-Einstein condensate by tomographic imaging
137
0
0.0
(
0
)
اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث
ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
The momentum and energy of phonons in a Bose-Einstein condensate are measured directly from a time-of-flight image by computerized tomography. We find that the same atoms that carry the momentum of the excitation also carry the excitation energy. The measured energy is in agreement with the Bogoliubov spectrum. Hydrodynamic simulations are performed which confirm our observation.
قيم البحث
اقرأ أيضاً
Zitterbewegung, a force-free trembling motion first predicted for relativistic fermions like electrons, was an unexpected consequence of the Dirac equations unification of quantum mechanics and special relativity. Though the oscillatory motions large
frequency and small amplitude have precluded its measurement with electrons, zitterbewegung is observable via quantum simulation. We engineered an environment for 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensates where the constituent atoms behaved like relativistic particles subject to the one-dimensional Dirac equation. With direct imaging, we observed the sub-micrometer trembling motion of these clouds, demonstrating the utility of neutral ultracold quantum gases for simulating Dirac particles.
We demonstrate a spatially resolved autocorrelation measurement with a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and measure the evolution of the spatial profile of its quantum mechanical phase. Upon release of the BEC from the magnetic trap, its phase develops
a form that we measure to be quadratic in the spatial coordinate. Our experiments also reveal the effects of the repulsive interaction between two overlapping BEC wavepackets and we measure the small momentum they impart to each other.
We measure the oscillations of a standing wave of phonons in a Bose-Einstein condensate, thus obtaining the dispersion relation. We present the technique of short Bragg pulses, which stimulates the standing wave. The subsequent oscillations are obser
ved in situ. It is seen that the phonons undergo a 3D to 1D transition, when their wavelength becomes longer than the transverse radius of the condensate. The 1D regime contains an inflection point in the dispersion relation, which should decrease the superfluid critical velocity according to the Landau criterion. The inflection point also represents a minimum in the group velocity, although the minimum is not deep enough to result in a roton. The 3D-1D transition also results in an increase in the lifetime of the standing-wave oscillations, and a breakdown of the local density approximation. In addition, the static structure factor is measured in the long-wavelength regime. The measurements are enabled by the high sensitivity of the new technique.
Surface modes in a Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms have been studied. We observed excitations of standing and rotating quadrupolar and octopolar modes. The modes were excited with high spatial and temporal resolution using the optical dipole
force of a rapidly scanning laser beam. This novel technique is very flexible and should be useful for the study of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates and vortices.
We study the collapse of an attractive atomic Bose-Einstein condensate prepared in the uniform potential of an optical-box trap. We characterise the critical point for collapse and the collapse dynamics, observing universal behaviour in agreement wit
h theoretical expectations. Most importantly, we observe a clear experimental signature of the counterintuitive weak collapse, namely that making the system more unstable can result in a smaller particle loss. We experimentally determine the scaling laws that govern the weak-collapse atom loss, providing a benchmark for the general theories of nonlinear wave phenomena.
سجل دخول لتتمكن من نشر تعليقات
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
