ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Magnetically powered prompt radiation and flow acceleration in GRB

167   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل H. C. Spruit
 تاريخ النشر 2003
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

The physics of GRB powered by a magnetic energy flux is reviewed. Magnetic fields are natural for transmitting the energy from the central compact object to the small amount of baryons required for a GRB. When dissipation of the flux of magnetic energy by reconnection inside the flow is taken into account, the magnetic model assumes several more convincing properties. For baryon loading typical of observed GRB, most of the dissipation takes place just outside photosphere, so that prompt emission is produced efficiently, and the magnetic field strength in this region is high, resulting in efficient synchrotron emission. Remarkably, the dissipation also causes very efficient acceleration of the bulk flow. This effect is illustrated with a classical hydrodynamic equivalent. In this context, the distinction between the flux of magnetic energy $cB^2/8pi$ and the Poynting flux $cB^2/4pi$ is important, and an interpretation of the Poynting flux as a `magnetic enthalpy flux illuminating. Numerical and analytical results for flow acceleration and the relative contribution of photospheric (thermal) and nonthermal emission as functions of the asymptotic bulk Lorentz factor are given. The transition between X-ray flashes and true GRB is predicted at $Gammaapprox 100$.



قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

178 - G. Drenkhahn , H. C. Spruit 2002
We investigate the effects of magnetic energy release by local magnetic dissipation processes in Poynting flux-powered GRBs. For typical GRB parameters (energy and baryon loading) the dissipation takes place mainly outside the photosphere, producing non-thermal radiation. This process converts the total burst energy into prompt radiation at an efficiency of 10-50%. At the same time the dissipation has the effect of accelerating the flow to a large Lorentz factor. For higher baryon loading, the dissipation takes place mostly inside the photosphere, the efficiency of conversion of magnetic energy into radiation is lower, and an X-ray flash results instead of a GRB. We demonstrate these effects with numerical one-dimensional steady relativistic MHD calculations.
217 - F. Daigne 2010
(abridged)Prompt GRB emission is often interpreted as synchrotron radiation from high-energy electrons accelerated in internal shocks. Fast synchrotron cooling predicts that the photon index below the spectral peak is alpha=-3/2. This differs signifi cantly from the observed median value alpha approx -1. We quantify the influence of inverse Compton and adiabatic cooling on alpha to understand whether these processes can reconcile the observations with a synchrotron origin. We use a time-dependent code that follows both the shock dynamics and electron energy losses. We investigate the dependence of alpha on the parameters of the model. Slopes between -3/2 and -1 are reached when electrons suffer IC losses in the Klein-Nishina regime. This does not necessarily imply a strong IC component in the Fermi/LAT range because scatterings are only moderately efficient. Steep slopes require that a large fraction (10-30%) of the dissipated energy is given to a small fraction (<~1%) of the electrons and that the magnetic energy density fraction remains low (<~ 0.1%). Values of alpha up to -2/3 can be obtained with relatively high radiative efficiencies (>50%) when adiabatic cooling is comparable with radiative cooling (marginally fast cooling). This requires collisions at small radii and/or with low magnetic fields. Amending the standard fast cooling scenario to account for IC cooling naturally leads to alpha up to -1. Marginally fast cooling may also account for alpha up to -2/3, although the conditions required are more difficult to reach. About 20% of GRBs show spectra with slopes alpha>-2/3. Other effects, not investigated here, such as a thermal component in the electron distribution or pair production by HE photons may further affect alpha. Still, the majority of observed GRB prompt spectra can be reconciled with a synchrotron origin, constraining the microphysics of mildly relativistic internal shocks.
There are the results of gamma-ray bursts observations obtained using the MASTER robotic telescope in 2007 - 2009. We observed 20 error-boxes of gamma-ray bursts this period.The limits on their optical brightnesses have been derived. There are 5 prom pt observations among them, obtained at our very wide field cameras. Also we present the results of the earliest observations of the optical emission of the gamma-ray bursts GRB 050824 and GRB 060926.
When tiny soft ferromagnetic particles are placed along a liquid interface and exposed to a vertical magnetic field, the balance between capillary attraction and magnetic repulsion leads to self-organization into well-defined patterns. Here, we demon strate experimentally that precessing magnetic fields induce metachronal waves on the periphery of these assemblies, similar to the ones observed in ciliates and some arthropods. The outermost layer of particles behaves like an array of cilia or legs whose sequential movement causes a net and controllable locomotion. This bioinspired many-particle swimming strategy is effective even at low Reynolds number, using only spatially uniform fields to generate the waves.
The prompt gamma ray emission was investigated in the 16A MeV energy region by means of the 36,40Ar+96,92Zr fusion reactions leading to a compound nucleus in the vicinity of 132Ce. We show that the prompt radiation, which appears to be still effectiv e at such a high beam energy, has an angular distribution pattern consistent with a dipole oscillation along the symmetry axis of the dinuclear system. The data are compared with calculations based on a collective bremsstrahlung analysis of the reaction dynamics.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا