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We study the conditions that favour boxiness of isodensities in the face-on views of orbital 3D models for barred galaxies. Using orbital weighted profiles we show that boxiness is in general a composite effect that appears when one considers stable orbits belonging to several families of periodic orbits. 3D orbits that are introduced due to vertical instabilities, play a crucial role in the face-on profiles and enhance their rectangularity. This happens because at the 4:1 radial resonance region we have several orbits with boxy face-on projections, instead of few rectangular-like x1 orbits, which, in a fair fraction of the models studied so far, are unstable at this region. Massive bars are characterized by rectangular-like orbits. However, we find that it is the pattern speed that affects most the elongation of the boxy feature, in the sense that fast bars are more elongated than slow ones. Boxiness in intermediate distances between the center of the model and the end of the bar can be attributed to x1v1 orbits, or to a combination of families related to the radial 3:1 resonance.
Boxy/peanut bulges in disc galaxies have been associated to stellar bars. We analyse their properties in a large sample of $N$-body simulations, using different methods to measure their strength, shape and possible asymmetry, and then inter-compare t
We present the first statistical study on the intrinsic three-dimensional (3D) shape of a sample of 83 galactic bars extracted from the CALIFA survey. We use the galaXYZ code to derive the bar intrinsic shape with a statistical approach. The method u
We investigate regular and chaotic two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) orbits of stars in models of a galactic potential consisting in a disk, a halo and a bar, to find the origin of boxy components, which are part of the bar or (almost)
Over half of disk galaxies are barred, yet the mechanisms for bar formation and the life-time of bar buckling remain poorly understood. In simulations, a thin bar undergoes a rapid (<1 Gyr) event called buckling, during which the inner part of the ba
Along with a brief analysis we present data obtained from BVRI and Ks images of a sample of 19 galaxies (18 barred and 1 unbarred) which will be further explored in a future paper. We measured the lengths and colors of the bars, created color maps an