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Mid infrared spectra provide a powerful probe of the conditions in dusty galactic nuclei. They variously contain emission features associated with star forming regions and absorptions by circumnuclear silicate dust plus ices in cold molecular cloud material. Here we report the detection of 6-8um water ice absorption in 18 galaxies observed by ISO. While the mid-IR spectra of some of these galaxies show a strong resemblance to the heavily absorbed spectrum of NGC 4418, other galaxies in this sample also show weak to strong PAH emission. The 18 ice galaxies are part of a sample of 103 galaxies with good S/N mid-IR ISO spectra. Based on our sample we find that ice is present in most of the ULIRGs, whereas it is weak or absent in the large majority of Seyferts and starburst galaxies. This result is consistent with the presence of larger quantities of molecular material in ULIRGs as opposed to other galaxy types. Like NGC 4418, several of our ice galaxy spectra show a maximum near 8um that is not or only partly due to PAH emission. While this affects only a small part of the galaxy population studied by ISO, it stresses the need for high S/N data and refined diagnostic methods, to properly discriminate spectra dominated by PAH emission and spectra dominated by heavy obscuration. The spectral variation from PAH emission to absorbed continuum emission near 8um shows strong similarities with Galactic star forming clouds. This leads us to believe that our classification of ice galaxy spectra might reflect an evolutionary sequence from strongly obscured beginnings of star formation (and AGN activity) to a less enshrouded stage of advanced star formation (and AGN activity), as the PAHs get stronger and the broad 8um feature weakens.
We present Spitzer measurements of the aromatic (also known as PAH) features for 35 Seyfert galaxies from the revised Shapley-Ames sample and find that the relative strengths of the features differ significantly from those observed in star-forming ga
We study the evolution of the luminosity function (LF) of type-1 and type-2 AGN in the mid-infrared, and derive their contribution to the Cosmic InfraRed Background (CIRB) and the expected deep source counts to be observed by Spitzer at 24 micron. Th
Jovian Trojan D-type asteroids have mid-infrared emissivity features strikingly similar to comet comae, suggesting that they have the same compositions and that the surfaces of the Trojans are highly porous. However, a direct comparison between a com
We present here some of the first results we have obtained on the study of the optical spectra of Spitzer/MIPS 24 micron-selected galaxies in the COSMOS field. This is part of a series of studies we are conducting to analyse the optical spectral pr
We present the results of a systematic study of mid-IR spectra of Galactic regions, Magellanic HII regions, and galaxies of various types (dwarf, spiral, starburst), observed by the satellites ISO and Spitzer. We study the relative variations of the