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The properties of multiple image gravitational lenses require a fractional surface mass density in satellites of f=0.02 (0.006 < f < 0.07 at 90% confidence) that is consistent with the expectations for CDM. The characteristic satellite mass scale, 10^6-10^9 Msun, is also consistent with the expectations for CDM. The agreement between the observed and expected density of CDM substructure shows that most low mass galactic satellites fail to form stars, and this absence of star formation explains the discrepancy between the number of observed Galactic satellites and CDM predictions rather than any modification to the CDM theory such as self-interacting dark matter or a warm dark matter component.
We devise a method to measure the abundance of satellite halos in gravitational lens galaxies, and apply our method to a sample of 7 lens systems. After using Monte Carlo simulations to verify the method, we find that substructure comprises fraction
We use a simple statistical test to show that the anomalous flux ratios observed in gravitational lenses are created by gravitational perturbations from substructure rather than propagation effects in the interstellar medium or incomplete models for
We briefly review some recent Cold Dark Matter (CDM) models. Our main focus are charge symmetric models of WIMPs which are not the standard SUSY LSPs (Lightest Supersymmetric Partners). We indicate which experiments are most sensitive to certain aspe
We report the detection of a dark substructure through direct gravitational imaging - undetected in the HST-ACS F814W image - in the gravitational lens galaxy of SLACS SDSSJ0946+1006 (the Double Einstein Ring). The detection is based on a Bayesian gr
We study the effects of substructure in the Galactic halo on direct detection of dark matter, on searches for energetic neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the Sun and Earth, and on the enhancement in the WIMP annihilation rate in the halo. Our centr