ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
The combination of ground-based astrometric compilation catalogues, such as the FK5 or the GC, with the results of the ESA Astrometric Satellite HIPPARCOS produces for many thousands of stars proper motions which are significantly more accurate than the proper motions derived from the HIPPARCOS observations alone. In Paper I (Wielen et al. 1999, A&A 347, 1046) we have presented a method of combination for single stars (SI mode). The present Paper II derives a combination method which is appropriate for an ensemble of apparently single-stars which contains undetected astrometric binaries. In this case the quasi-instantaneously measured HIPPARCOS proper motions and positions are affected by cosmic errors, caused by the orbital motions of the photo-centers of the undetected binaries with respect to their center-of-mass. In contrast, the ground-based data are mean values obtained from a long period of observation. We derive a linear long-term prediction (LTP mode) for epochs far from the HIPPARCOS epoch T_H ~ 1991.25, and a linear short-term prediction (STP mode) for epochs close to T_H. The most accurate prediction for a position at an arbitrary epoch is provided by a smooth, non-linear transition from the STP solution to the LTP solution. We present an example for the application of our method, and we discuss the error budget of our method for the FK6 (a combination of the FK5 with HIPPARCOS) and for the combination catalog GC+HIP. For the basic fundamental stars, the accuracy of the FK6 proper motions in the LTP mode is better than that of the HIPPARCOS proper motions (taking here the cosmic errors into account) by a factor of more than 4.
The combination of ground-based astrometric compilation catalogues, such as the FK5 or the GC, with the results of the ESA Astrometric Satellite HIPPARCOS produces for many thousands of stars proper motions which are significantly more accurate than
The combination of HIPPARCOS measurements with suitable ground-based astrometric data improves significantly the accuracy of the proper motions of bright stars. The comparison of both types of data allows us also to identify and to eliminate, at leas
An outbreak of respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus is ongoing from December 2019. As of July 22, 2020, it has caused an epidemic outbreak with more than 15 million confirmed infections and above 6 hundred thousand reported deaths worldw
Health economic evaluations often require predictions of survival rates beyond the follow-up period. Parametric survival models can be more convenient for economic modelling than the Cox model. The generalized gamma (GG) and generalized F (GF) distri
With the information explosion of news articles, personalized news recommendation has become important for users to quickly find news that they are interested in. Existing methods on news recommendation mainly include collaborative filtering methods