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Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature fluctuations are a powerful tool for testing theories of the early Universe and for measuring cosmological parameters. We present basics of CMB physics, review some of the most recent results and discuss their implications for cosmology. The Archeops balloon-borne experiment is designed to map the CMB with an angular resolution of 10 arcminutes and a precision of 30 $mumathrm{K}$ per pixel. This will allow the measurement of the CMB fluctuation power spectrum from large to small angular scales. We describe preliminary results from the test flight which took place in July 1999 and present perspectives for upcoming scientific flights (January 2001).
The DAMA/LIBRA experiment, running at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory of the I.N.F.N. in Italy, has a sensitive mass of about 250 kg highly radiopure NaI(Tl). It is mainly devoted to the investigation of Dark Matter (DM) particles in the Galactic
The DAMA/LIBRA experiment ($sim$ 250 kg of highly radio-pure NaI(Tl)) is running deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) of the I.N.F.N. Here we briefly recall the results obtained in its first phase of measurements (DAMA/LIBRA-
Neutrinoless double-beta decay is a key process in particle physics. Its experimental investigation is the only viable method that can establish the Majorana nature of neutrinos, providing at the same time a sensitive inclusive test of lepton number
PAMELA is a satellite borne experiment designed to study with great accuracy cosmic rays of galactic, solar, and trapped nature in a wide energy range (protons: 80 MeV-700 GeV, electrons 50 MeV-400 GeV). Main objective is the study of the antimatter
The determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy, whether the $ u _3$ neutrino mass eigenstate is heavier or lighter than the $ u _1$ and $ u _2$ mass eigenstates, is one of the remaining undetermined fundamental aspects of the Standard Model in the