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After considering the quantum corrections of Einstein-Maxwell theory, the effective theory will contain some higher-curvature terms and nonminimally coupled electromagnetic fields. In this paper, we study the first law of black holes in the gravitational electromagnetic system with the Lagrangian $math{L}(g_{ab}, R_{abcd}, F_{ab})$. Firstly, we calculate the Noether charge and the variational identity in this theory, and then generically derive the first law of thermodynamics for an asymptotically flat stationary axisymmetrical symmetric black hole without the requirement that the electromagnetic field is smooth on the bifurcation surface. Our results indicate that the first law of black hole thermodynamics might be valid for the Einstein-Maxwell theory with some quantum corrections in the effective region.
The first law of black hole mechanics has been the main motivation for investigating thermodynamic properties of black holes. The first version of this law was proved in cite{Bardeen:1973gs} by considering perturbations of an asymptotically flat, sta
We provide a proof of the necessary and sufficient condition on the profile of the temperature, chemical potential, and angular velocity for a charged perfect fluid in dynamic equilibrium to be in thermodynamic equilibrium not only in fixed but also
The black hole area theorem implies that when two black holes merge, the area of the final black hole should be greater than the sum of the areas of the two original black holes. We examine how this prediction can be tested with gravitational-wave ob
The Renyi and Tsallis entropies are discussed as possible alternatives to the Bekenstein-Hawking area-law entropy. It is pointed out how replacing the entropy notion, but not the Hawking temperature and the thermodynamical energy may render the whole
A graviton laser works, in principle, by the stimulated emission of coherent gravitons from a lasing medium. For significant amplification, we must have a very long path length and/or very high densities. Black holes and the existence of weakly inter