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تسجيل مستخدم جديدStellar response after stripping as a model for common-envelope outcomes
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Binary neutron stars have been observed as millisecond pulsars, gravitational-wave sources, and as the progenitors of short gamma-ray bursts and kilonovae. Massive stellar binaries that evolve into merging double neutron stars are believed to experience a common-envelope episode. During this episode, the envelope of a giant star engulfs the whole binary. The energy transferred from the orbit to the envelope by drag forces or from other energy sources can eject the envelope from the binary system, leading to a stripped short-period binary. In this paper, we use one-dimensional single stellar evolution to explore the final stages of the common-envelope phase in progenitors of neutron star binaries. We consider an instantaneously stripped donor star as a proxy for the common-envelope phase and study the stars subsequent radial evolution. We determine a range of stripping boundaries which allow the star to avoid significant rapid re-expansion and which thus represent plausible boundaries for the termination of the common-envelope episode. We find that these boundaries lie above the maximum compression point, a commonly used location of the core/envelope boundary. We conclude that stars may retain fractions of a solar mass of hydrogen-rich material even after the common-envelope episode. We show that, under the standard energy formalism, all of our models require additional energy sources in order to successfully eject the common envelope.
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We present a new model describing the evolution of triple stars which undergo common envelope evolution, using a combination of analytic and numerical techniques. The early stages of evolution are driven by dynamical friction with the envelope, which
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