اشترك بالحزمة الذهبية واحصل على وصول غير محدود شمرا أكاديميا
تسجيل مستخدم جديدThe Bloch theorem in the presence of an additional conserved charge
62
0
0.0
(
0
)
تأليف
Haruki Watanabe
اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث
ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
The Bloch theorem is a general theorem restricting the persistent current associated with a conserved U(1) charge in a ground state or in a thermal equilibrium. It gives an upper bound of the magnitude of the current density, which is inversely proportional to the system size. In a recent preprint, Else and Senthil applied the argument for the Bloch theorem to a generalized Gibbs ensemble, assuming the presence of an additional conserved charge, and predicted a nonzero current density in the nonthermal steady state [D. V. Else and T. Senthil, arXiv:2106.15623]. In this work, we provide a complementary derivation based on the canonical ensemble, given that the additional charge is strictly conserved within the system by itself. Furthermore, using the example where the additional conserved charge is the momentum operator, we discuss that the persistent current tends to vanish when the system is in contact with an external momentum reservoir in the co-moving frame of the reservoir.
قيم البحث
اقرأ أيضاً
High-resolution neutron resonance spin-echo measurements of superfluid 4He show that the roton energy does not have the same temperature dependence as the inverse lifetime. Diagrammatic analysis attributes this to the interaction of rotons with therm
ally excited phonons via both four- and three-particle processes, the latter being allowed by the broken gauge symmetry of the Bose condensate. The distinct temperature dependence of the roton energy at low temperatures suggests that the net roton-phonon interaction is repulsive.
Hybrid evolution protocols, composed of unitary dynamics and repeated, continuous or projective measurements, give rise to new, intriguing quantum phenomena, including entanglement phase transitions and unconventional conformal invariance. We introdu
ce bosonic Gaussian measurements, which consist of the continuous observation of linear boson operators, and a free Hamiltonian evolution. The Gaussian evolution is then uniquely characterized by the systems covariance matrix, which, despite the stochastic nature of the hybrid protocol, obeys a deterministic, nonlinear evolution equation. The stationary state is exact and unique, and in many cases analytically solvable. Within this framework, we then consider an elementary model for quantum criticality, the free boson conformal field theory, and investigate in which way criticality is modified under a hybrid evolution. Depending on the measurement protocol, we observe scenarios of enriched quantum criticality, characterized by a logarithmic entanglement growth with a floating prefactor, or the loss of criticality, indicated by a volume- or area law entanglement. We provide a classification of each of these scenarios in terms of real-space correlations, the relaxation behavior, and the entanglement structure. For each scenario, we discuss the impact of imperfect measurements, which reduce the purity of the wave function, and we demonstrate that the measurement-induced characteristics are preserved also for mixed states. Finally, we discuss how the correlation functions, or even the complete density operator of the system, can be reconstructed from the continuous measurement records.
We reveal a continuous dynamical heating transition between a prethermal and an infinite-temperature stage in a clean, chaotic periodically driven classical spin chain. The transition time is a steep exponential function of the drive frequency, showi
ng that the exponentially long-lived prethermal plateau, originally observed in quantum Floquet systems, survives the classical limit. Even though there is no straightforward generalization of Floquets theorem to nonlinear systems, we present strong evidence that the prethermal physics is well described by the inverse-frequency expansion. We relate the stability and robustness of the prethermal plateau to drive-induced synchronization not captured by the expansion. Our results set the pathway to transfer the ideas of Floquet engineering to classical many-body systems, and are directly relevant for photonic crystals and cold atom experiments in the superfluid regime.
We analyze the physics of optimal protocols to prepare a target state with high fidelity in a symmetrically coupled two-qubit system. By varying the protocol duration, we find a discontinuous phase transition, which is characterized by a spontaneous
breaking of a $mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry in the functional form of the optimal protocol, and occurs below the quantum speed limit. We study in detail this phase and demonstrate that even though high-fidelity protocols come degenerate with respect to their fidelity, they lead to final states of different entanglement entropy shared between the qubits. Consequently, while globally both optimal protocols are equally far away from the target state, one is locally closer than the other. An approximate variational mean-field theory which captures the physics of the different phases is developed.
We investigate spectral statistics in spatially extended, chaotic many-body quantum systems with a conserved charge. We compute the spectral form factor $K(t)$ analytically for a minimal Floquet circuit model that has a $U(1)$ symmetry encoded via au
xiliary spin-$1/2$ degrees of freedom. Averaging over an ensemble of realizations, we relate $K(t)$ to a partition function for the spins, given by a Trotterization of the spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg ferromagnet. Using Bethe Ansatz techniques, we extract the Thouless time $t^{vphantom{*}}_{rm Th}$ demarcating the extent of random matrix behavior, and find scaling behavior governed by diffusion for $K(t)$ at $tlesssim t^{vphantom{*}}_{rm Th}$. We also report numerical results for $K(t)$ in a generic Floquet spin model, which are consistent with these analytic predictions.
سجل دخول لتتمكن من نشر تعليقات
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
