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We investigate the $H_0$ tension in a range of extended model frameworks beyond the standard $Lambda$CDM without the data from cosmic microwave background (CMB). Specifically, we adopt the data from baryon acoustic oscillation, big bang nucleosynthesis and type Ia supernovae as indirect measurements of $H_0$ to study the tension. We show that the estimated value of $H_0$ from indirect measurements is overall lower than that from direct local ones regardless of the data sets and a range of extended models to be analyzed, which indicates that, although the significance of the tension varies depending on models, the $H_0$ tension persists in a broad framework beyond the standard $Lambda$CDM model even without CMB data.
Cosmological constraints are usually derived under the assumption of a $6$ parameters $Lambda$-CDM theoretical framework or simple one-parameter extensions. In this paper we present, for the first time, cosmological constraints in a significantly ext
We do not solve tensions with concordance cosmology; we do obtain $H_0approx 74,$km/s/Mpc from CMB+BAO+SN data in our model, but that is not the point. Discrepancies in Hubble constant values obtained by various astrophysical probes should not be vie
In this article we compare a variety of well known dynamical dark energy models using the cosmic microwave background measurements from the 2018 Planck legacy and 2015 Planck data releases, the baryon acoustic oscillations measurements and the local
Flavour oscillations experiments are suggesting the existence of a sterile, $4$th neutrinos generation with a mass of an eV order. This would mean an additional relativistic degree of freedom in the cosmic inventory, in contradiction with recent resu
We show that the $H_0$ tension can be resolved by making recombination earlier, keeping the fit to cosmic microwave background (CMB) data almost intact. We provide a suite of general necessary conditions to give a good fit to CMB data while realizing