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We revisit here congruence relations for Buchi automata, which play a central role in the automata-based verification. The size of the classical congruence relation is in $3^{mathcal{O}(n^2)}$, where $n$ is the number of states of a given Buchi automaton $mathcal{A}$. Here we present improved congruence relations that can be exponentially coarser than the classical one. We further give asymptotically optimal congruence relations of size $2^{mathcal{O}(n log n)}$. Based on these optimal congruence relations, we obtain an optimal translation from Buchi automata to a family of deterministic finite automata (FDFW) that accepts the complementary language. To the best of our knowledge, our construction is the first direct and optimal translation from Buchi automata to FDFWs.
The determinization of Buchi automata is a celebrated problem, with applications in synthesis, probabilistic verification, and multi-agent systems. Since the 1960s, there has been a steady progress of constructions: by McNaughton, Safra, Piterman, Sc
The search for a proof of correctness and the search for counterexamples (bugs) are complementary aspects of verification. In order to maximize the practical use of verification tools it is better to pursue them at the same time. While this is well-u
Complementation of Buchi automata, required for checking automata containment, is of major theoretical and practical interest in formal verification. We consider two recent approaches to complementation. The first is the rank-based approach of Kupfer
Complementation of Buchi automata has been studied for over five decades since the formalism was introduced in 1960. Known complementation constructions can be classified into Ramsey-based, determinization-based, rank-based, and slice-based approache
In this work, we exploit the power of emph{unambiguity} for the complementation problem of Buchi automata by utilizing reduced run directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) over infinite words, in which each vertex has at most one predecessor. We then show how