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High-performance osmotic energy conversion (OEC) requires both high ionic selectivity and permeability in nanopores. Here, through systematical explorations of influences from individual charged nanopore surfaces on the performance of OEC, we find that the charged exterior surface on the low-concentration side (surfaceL) is essential to achieve high-performance osmotic power generation, which can significantly improve the ionic selectivity and permeability simultaneously. Detailed investigation of ionic transport indicates that electric double layers near charged surfaces provide high-speed passages for counterions. The charged surfaceL enhances cation diffusion through enlarging the effective diffusive area, and inhibits anion transport by electrostatic repulsion. Different areas of charged exterior surfaces have been considered to mimic membranes with different porosities in practical applications. Through adjusting the width of the charged ring region on the surfaceL, electric power in single nanopores increases from 0.3 to 3.4 pW with a plateau at the width of ~200 nm. The power density increases from 4200 to 4900 W/m2 and then decreases monotonously that reaches the commercial benchmark at the charged width of ~480 nm. While, energy conversion efficiency can be promoted from 4% to 26%. Our results provide useful guide in the design of nanoporous membranes for high-performance osmotic energy harvesting.
High-performance osmotic energy conversion (OEC) with perm-selective porous membrane requires both high ionic selectivity and permeability simultaneously. Here, hydrodynamic slip is considered on surfaces of nanopores to break the tradeoff between io
Software Defined Networks (SDNs) have dramatically simplified network management. However, enabling pure SDNs to respond in real-time while handling massive amounts of data still remains a challenging task. In contrast, fog computing has strong poten
A quantum generalization of Natural Gradient Descent is presented as part of a general-purpose optimization framework for variational quantum circuits. The optimization dynamics is interpreted as moving in the steepest descent direction with respect
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The non-equilibrium stationary coherences that form in donor-acceptor systems are investigated to determine their relationship to the efficiency of energy transfer to a neighboring reaction center. It is found that the effects of asymmetry in the dim