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We show that every quantum computation can be described by Bayesian update of a probability distribution on a finite state space. When applied to the model of quantum computation with magic states, the size of this state space only depends on the number of magic states used in the quantum computation, and not on the length of the gate and measurement sequence.
We propose a method for classical simulation of finite-dimensional quantum systems, based on sampling from a quasiprobability distribution, i.e., a generalized Wigner function. Our construction applies to all finite dimensions, with the most interest
We describe a generalization of the cluster-state model of quantum computation to continuous-variable systems, along with a proposal for an optical implementation using squeezed-light sources, linear optics, and homodyne detection. For universal quan
We present a protocol for transferring arbitrary continuous-variable quantum states into a few discrete-variable qubits and back. The protocol is deterministic and utilizes only two-mode Rabi-type interactions which are readily available in trapped-i
A set of stabilizer operations augmented by some special initial states known as magic states, gives the possibility of universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. However, magic state preparation inevitably involves nonideal operations that introd
We provide an explicit construction of a universal gate set for continuous-variable quantum computation with microwave circuits. Such a universal set has been first proposed in quantum-optical setups, but its experimental implementation has remained