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We study the Schwinger effect in near-extremal nonrotating black holes in an arbitrary $D(geq 4)$-dimensional asymptotically flat and (A)dS space. Using the near-horizon geometry $mathrm{AdS}_2 times mathrm{S}^{D-2}$ of near-extremal black holes with Myers-Perry metric, we find a universal expression of the emission formula for charges that is a multiplication of the Schwinger effects in an $mathrm{AdS}_2$ space and in a two-dimensional Rindler space. The effective temperature of an accelerated charge for the Schwinger effect is determined by the radii of the effective $mathrm{AdS}_2$ space and $mathrm{S}^{D-2}$ as well as the mass, charge, angular momentum of the charge and the radius of the (A)dS space. The Schwinger effect in the asymptotically flat space is more efficient and persistent for a wide range of large black holes for dimensions higher than four. The AdS (dS) boundary enhances (suppresses) the Schwinger effect than the asymptotically flat space. The Schwinger effect persists for a wide range of black holes in the AdS space and has an upper bound in the dS space.
Using the symmetry of the near-horizon geometry and applying quantum field theory of a complex scalar field, we study the spontaneous pair production of charged scalars from near-extremal rotating, electrically and/or magnetically charged black holes
We propose a thermal interpretation of the Schwinger effect for charged scalars and spinors in an extremal and near-extremal Reissner-Nordstr{o}m (RN) black hole. The emission of charges has the distribution with an effective temperature determined b
We study the Schwinger effect in near-extremal Reissner-Nordstr{o}m (RN) black holes with electric and/or magnetic charges in the (Anti-) de Sitter (AdS) space. The formula for the Schwinger effect takes a universal form for near-extremal black holes
The spontaneous pair production of charged scalars in a near extremal Kerr-Newman (KN) black hole is analytically studied. It is shown that the existence condition for the pair production is equivalent to the violation of the Breitenlohner-Freedman b
Black holes display universal behavior near extremality. One such feature is the late-time blowup of derivatives of linearized perturbations across the horizon. For generic initial data, this instability is regulated by backreaction, and the final st