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We theoretically investigate the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state by using the microscopic quasi-classical Eilenberger equation. The Pauli paramagnetic effects and the orbital depairing effects due to vortices are treated in an equal footing for three dimensional spherical Fermi surface model and $s$-wave pairing. The field evolution of the LO state is studied in detail, such as the $H$-$T$ phase diagram, spatial structures of the order parameter, the paramagnetic moment, and the internal filed. Field-dependences of various thermodynamic quantities: the paramagnetic moment, entropy, and the zero-energy density of states are calculated. Those quantities are shown to start quickly growing upon entering the LO state. We also evaluate the wave length of the LO modulation, the flux line lattice form factors for small angle neutron scattering, and the NMR spectra to facilitate the identification of the LO state. Two cases of strong and intermediate Pauli paramagnetic effect are studied comparatively. The possibility of the LO phase in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, CeCoIn$_5$, CeCu$_2$Si$_2$, and the organic superconductors is critically examined and crucial experiments to identify it are proposed.
We develop the Ginzburg-Landau theory of the vortex lattice in clean isotropic three-dimensional superconductors at large Maki parameter, when inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state is favored. We show that diamagnetic superfluid curren
We demonstrate that the vortex state in the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase may be very different depending on the field orientation relative to the crystalline axes. We calculate numerically the upper critical field near the tricritica
The Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state is a superconducting state stabilized by a large Zeeman splitting between up- and down-spin electrons in a singlet superconductor. In the absence of disorder, the superconducting order parameter has a
We show that in the presence of magnetic field, two superconducting phases with the center-of-mass momentum of Cooper pair parallel to the magnetic field are induced in spin-orbit-coupled superconductor Li$_2$Pd$_3$B. Specifically, at small magnetic
The Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase is an unconventional superconducting state found under the influence of strong Zeeman field. This phase is identified by finite center-of-mass momenta in the Cooper pairs, causing the pairing amplitud