We study pseudo-Riemannian invariant metrics on bicovariant bimodules over Hopf algebras. We clarify some properties of such metrics and prove that pseudo-Riemannian invariant metrics on a bicovariant bimodule and its cocycle deformations are in one to one correspondence.
Given a bicovariant differential calculus $(mathcal{E}, d)$ such that the braiding map is diagonalisable in a certain sense, the bimodule of two-tensors admits a direct sum decomposition into symmetric and anti-symmetric tensors. This is used to prov
e the existence of a bicovariant torsionless connection on $mathcal{E}$. Following Heckenberger and Schm{u}dgen, we study invariant metrics and the compatibility of covariant connections with such metrics. A sufficient condition for the existence and uniqueness of bicovariant Levi-Civita connections is derived. This condition is shown to hold for cocycle deformations of classical Lie groups.
We give a concise proof that large classes of optimal (constant curvature or Einstein) pseudo-Riemannian metrics are maximally symmetric within their conformal class.
The Structure Theorem for Hopf modules states that if a bialgebra $H$ is a Hopf algebra (i.e. it is endowed with a so-called antipode) then every Hopf module $M$ is of the form ${M}^{mathrm{co}{H}}otimes H$, where ${M}^{mathrm{co}{H}}$ denotes the sp
ace of coinvariant elements in $M$. Actually, it has been shown that this result characterizes Hopf algebras: $H$ is a Hopf algebra if and only if every Hopf module $M$ can be decomposed in such a way. The main aim of this paper is to extend this characterization to the framework of quasi-bialgebras by introducing the notion of preantipode and by proving a Structure Theorem for quasi-Hopf bimodules. We will also establish the uniqueness of the preantipode and the closure of the family of quasi-bialgebras with preantipode under gauge transformation. Then, we will prove that every Hopf and quasi-Hopf algebra (i.e. a quasi-bialgebra with quasi-antipode) admits a preantipode and we will show how some previous results, as the Structure Theorem for Hopf modules, the Hausser-Nill theorem and the Bulacu-Caenepeel theorem for quasi-Hopf algebras, can be deduced from our Structure Theorem. Furthermore, we will investigate the relationship between the preantipode and the quasi-antipode and we will study a number of cases in which the two notions are equivalent: ordinary bialgebras endowed with trivial reassociator, commutative quasi-bialgebras, finite-dimensional quasi-bialgebras.
We study Riemannian metrics on Lie groupoids in the relative setting. We show that any split fibration between proper groupoids can be made Riemannian, and we use these metrics to linearize proper groupoid fibrations. As an application, we derive rig
idity theorems for Lie groupoids, which unify, simplify and improve similar results for classic geometries. Then we establish the Morita invariance for our metrics, introduce a notion for metrics on stacks, and use them to construct stacky tubular neighborhoods and to prove a stacky Ehresmann theorem.
The Riemannian metric on the manifold of positive definite matrices is defined by a kernel function $phi$ in the form $K_D^phi(H,K)=sum_{i,j}phi(lambda_i,lambda_j)^{-1} Tr P_iHP_jK$ when $sum_ilambda_iP_i$ is the spectral decomposition of the foot po
int $D$ and the Hermitian matrices $H,K$ are tangent vectors. For such kernel metrics the tangent space has an orthogonal decomposition. The pull-back of a kernel metric under a mapping $Dmapsto G(D)$ is a kernel metric as well. Several Riemannian geometries of the literature are particular cases, for example, the Fisher-Rao metric for multivariate Gaussian distributions and the quantum Fisher information. In the paper the case $phi(x,y)=M(x,y)^theta$ is mostly studied when $M(x,y)$ is a mean of the positive numbers $x$ and $y$. There are results about the geodesic curves and geodesic distances. The geometric mean, the logarithmic mean and the root mean are important cases.