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Protein identification and profiling is critical for the advancement of cell and molecular biology as well as medical diagnostics. Although mass spectrometry and protein microarrays are commonly used for protein identification, both methods require extensive experimental steps and long data analysis times. Here we present a microfluidic top down proteomics platform giving multidimensional read outs of the essential amino acids of proteins. We obtain hydrodynamic radius and fluorescence signals relating to the content of tryptophans, tyrosines and lysines of proteins using a combination of diffusional sizing of proteins, label-free detection and on-chip labelling of proteins with a latent fluorophore in the solution phase. We thereby achieve identification of proteins on a single microfluidic chip by separating and mapping proteins in multidimensional space based on their characteristic physical parameters. Our results have significant implications in the development of easy and rapid platforms to use for native protein identification in clinical and laboratory settings.
We propose a stochastic model for gene transcription coupled to DNA supercoiling, where we incorporate the experimental observation that polymerases create supercoiling as they unwind the DNA helix, and that these enzymes bind more favourably to regi
Membrane tubes are important elements for living cells to organize many functions. Experiments have found that membrane tube can be extracted from giant lipid vesicles by a group of kinesin. How these motors cooperate in extracting the fluid-like mem
We discuss a polymer model for the 3D organization of human chromosomes. A chromosome is represented by a string of beads, with each bead being colored according to 1D bioinformatic data (e.g., chromatin state, histone modification, GC content). Indi
Top-down causation has been suggested to occur at all scales of biological organization as a mechanism for explaining the hierarchy of structure and causation in living systems. Here we propose that a transition from bottom-up to top-down causation -
Considering a multi-pathway structure in a light-harvesting complex of photosynthesis, we investigate the role of energy-level mismatches between antenna molecules in transferring the absorbed energy to a reaction center. We find a condition in which