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We predict that the mean transverse momentum of charged hadrons $langle p_trangle$ rises as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity in ultracentral nucleus-nucleus collisions. We explain that this phenomenon has a simple physical origin and represents an unambiguous prediction of the hydrodynamic framework of heavy-ion collisions. We argue that the relative increase of $langle p_t rangle$ is proportional to the speed of sound squared $c_s^2$ of the quark-gluon plasma. Based on the value of $c_s^2$ from lattice QCD, we expect $langle p_trangle$ to increase by approximately $18$ MeV between 1% and 0.001% centrality in Pb+Pb collisions at $sqrt{s_{rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV.
The correlation between the mean transverse momentum of outgoing particles, $langle p_t rangle$, and the magnitude of anisotropic flow, $v_n$, has recently been measured in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, as a function of the coll
Transverse-mass spectra, their inverse slopes and mean transverse masses in relativistic collisions of heavy nuclei are analyzed in a wide range of incident energies 2.7 GeV $le sqrt{s_{NN}}le$ 39 GeV. The analysis is performed within the three-fluid
We propose the skewness of mean transverse momentum, $langle p_t rangle$, fluctuations as a fine probe of hydrodynamic behavior in relativistic nuclear collisions. We describe how the skewness of the $langle p_t rangle$ distribution can be analyzed e
A key ingredient of hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions is thermal initial conditions, an input that is the consequence of a pre-thermal dynamics which is not completely understood yet. In the paper we employ a recently devel
We present an update of the event generator based on the three-fluid dynamics (3FD), complemented by Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) for the late stage of the nuclear collision~-- the three-fluid Hydrodynamics-based Event Simula