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We study the out-of-equilibrium properties of $1+1$ dimensional quantum electrodynamics (QED), discretized via the staggered-fermion Schwinger model with an Abelian $mathbb{Z}_{n}$ gauge group. We look at two relevant phenomena: first, we analyze the stability of the Dirac vacuum with respect to particle/antiparticle pair production, both spontaneous and induced by an external electric field; then, we examine the string breaking mechanism. We observe a strong effect of confinement, which acts by suppressing both spontaneous pair production and string breaking into quark/antiquark pairs, indicating that the system dynamics displays a number of out-of-equilibrium features.
The $mathbb{C}P^{N-1}$ sigma model at finite temperature is studied using lattice Monte Carlo simulations on $S_{s}^{1} times S_{tau}^{1}$ with radii $L_{s}$ and $L_{tau}$, respectively, where the ratio of the circumferences is taken to be sufficient
We study the ground-state properties of a class of $mathbb{Z}_n$ lattice gauge theories in 1 + 1 dimensions, in which the gauge fields are coupled to spinless fermionic matter. These models, stemming from discrete representations of the Weyl commutat
We show how to implement a Rydberg-atom quantum simulator to study the non-equilibrium dynamics of an Abelian (1+1)-D lattice gauge theory. The implementation locally codifies the degrees of freedom of a $mathbf{Z}_3$ gauge field, once the matter fie
We study the dynamics of the massive Schwinger model on a lattice using exact diagonalization. When periodic boundary conditions are imposed, analytic arguments indicate that a non-zero electric flux in the initial state can unwind and decrease to a
Kitaevs toric code is an exactly solvable model with $mathbb{Z}_2$-topological order, which has potential applications in quantum computation and error correction. However, a direct experimental realization remains an open challenge. Here, we propose