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The motion of biological micro-robots -- similar to that of swimming microorganisms such as bacteria or spermatozoa -- is governed by different physical rules than what we experience in our daily life. This is particularly due to the low-Reynolds-number condition of swimmers in micron scales. The Quadroar swimmer, with three-dimensional maneuverability, has been introduced for moving in these extreme cases: either as a bio-medical micro-robot swimming in biological fluids or a mm-scale robot performing inspection missions in highly viscous fluid reservoirs. Our previous studies address the theoretical modeling of this type of swimmer system. In this work, we present the mechatronic design, fabrication, and experimental study of a mm-scale Quadroar swimmer. We describe the design methodology and component selection of the system based on the required performance. A supervisory control scheme is presented to achieve an accurate trajectory tracking for all the actuators used in the swimmer. Finally, we have conducted experiments in silicone oil (with 5000 cP viscosity) where two primary modes of swimming - forward translation and planar reorientation - have been tested and compared with the theoretical model.
We design and simulate the motion of a new swimmer, the {it Quadroar}, with three dimensional translation and reorientation capabilities in low Reynolds number conditions. The Quadroar is composed of an $texttt{I}$-shaped frame whose body link is a s
Swimming and pumping at low Reynolds numbers are subject to the Scallop theorem, which states that there will be no net fluid flow for time reversible motions. Living organisms such as bacteria and cells are subject to this constraint, and so are exi
We describe the consequences of time reversal invariance of the Stokes equations for the hydrodynamic scattering of two low Reynolds number swimmers. For swimmers that are related to each other by a time reversal transformation this leads to the stri
We investigate the hydrodynamic interactions between microorganisms swimming at low Reynolds number. By considering simple model swimmers, and combining analytic and numerical approaches, we investigate the time-averaged flow field around a swimmer.
We present the design, architecture and detailed performance of a three-dimensional (3D) underwater acoustic carpet cloak (UACC). The proposed system of the 3D UACC is an octahedral pyramid which is composed of periodical steel strips. This underwate