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Using a perturbative approach we solve stellar structure equations for low-density (solar-type) stars whose interior is described with a polytropic equation of state in scenarios involving a subset of modified gravity theories. Rather than focusing on particular theories, we consider a model-independent approach in which deviations from General Relativity are effectively described by a single parameter $xi$. We find that for length scales below those set by stellar General Relativistic radii the modifications introduced by modified gravity can affect the computed values of masses and radii. As a consequence, the stellar luminosity is also affected. We discuss possible further implications for higher density stars and observability of the effects before described.
We introduce The Novel Probes Project, an initiative to advance the field of astrophysical tests of the dark sector by creating a forum that connects observers and theorists. This review focuses on tests of gravity and is intended to be of use primar
The phenomenology of modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) on galaxy scales may point to more fundamental theories of either modified gravity (MG) or modified inertia (MI). In this paper, we test the applicability of the global deep-MOND parameter $Q$ w
Verlindes heuristic argument for the interpretation of the standard Newtonian gravitational force as an entropic force is generalized by the introduction of a minimum temperature (or maximum wave length) for the microscopic degrees of freedom on the
Future large-scale structure surveys will measure three-point statistics with high statistical significance. This will offer significant improvements on our understanding of gravity, provided we can model these statistics accurately. We assess the pe
We review the effective field theory of modified gravity in which the Lagrangian involves three dimensional geometric quantities appearing in the 3+1 decomposition of space-time. On the flat isotropic cosmological background we expand a general actio