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The Friends of Friends algorithm identifies groups of objects with similar spatial and kinematic properties, and has recently been used extensively to quantify the distributions of gas and stars in young star-forming regions. We apply the Friends of Friends algorithm to $N$-body simulations of the dynamical evolution of subvirial (collapsing) and supervirial (expanding) star-forming regions. We find that the algorithm picks out a wide range of groups (1 -- 25) for statistically identical initial conditions, and cannot distinguish between subvirial and supervirial regions in that we obtain similar mode and median values for the number of groups it identifies. We find no correlation between the number of groups identified initially and either the initial or subsequent spatial and kinematic tracers of the regions evolution, such as the amount of spatial substructure, dynamical mass segregation, or velocity dispersion. We therefore urge caution in using the Friends of Friends algorithm to quantify the initial conditions of star formation.
The Q-parameter is used extensively to quantify the spatial distributions of stars and gas in star-forming regions as well as older clusters and associations. It quantifies the amount of structure using the ratio of the average length of a minimum sp
We model the dynamical evolution of star forming regions with a wide range of initial properties. We follow the evolution of the regions substructure using the Q-parameter, we search for dynamical mass segregation using the Lambda_MSR technique, and
We present a catalogue of galaxy groups and clusters selected using a friends-of-friends algorithm with a dynamic linking length from the 2dF-SDSS and QSO (2SLAQ) luminous red galaxy survey. The linking parameters for the code are chosen through an a
Barter exchange studies the setting where each agent owns a good, and they can exchange with each other if that gives them more preferred goods. This exchange will give better outcomes if there are more participants. The challenge here is how to get
We present the galaxy group catalogue for the recently-completed 2MASS Redshift Survey (2MRS, Macri2019) which consists of 44572 redshifts, including 1041 new measurements for galaxies mostly located within the Zone of Avoidance. The galaxy group cat