ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
Low-mass galaxies are subject to strong galactic outflows, in which cosmic rays may play an important role, they can be best traced with low-frequency radio continuum observations, which are less affected by spectral ageing. We present a study of the nearby star burst dwarf irregular galaxy IC 10 using observations at 140 MHz with the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR), at 1580 MHz with the Very Large Array (VLA) and at 6200 MHz with the VLA and the 100-m Effelsberg telescope. We find that IC 10 has a low-frequency radio halo, which manifests itself as a second component (thick disc) in the minor axis profiles of the non-thermal radio continuum emission at 140 and 1580 MHz. These profiles are then fitted with 1D cosmic-ray transport models for pure diffusion and advection. We find that a diffusion model fits best, with a diffusion coefficient of $D=(0.4$-$0.8) times 10^{26}(E/{rm GeV})^{0.5}~{rm cm^2,s^{-1}}$, which is at least an order of magnitude smaller than estimates both from anisotropic diffusion and the diffusion length. In contrast, advection models, which cannot be ruled out due to the mild inclination, while providing poorer fits, result in advection speeds close to the escape velocity of $approx$$50~rm km,s^{-1}$, as expected for a cosmic-ray driven wind. Our favoured model with an accelerating wind provides a self-consistent solution, where the magnetic field is in energy equipartition with both the warm neutral and warm ionized medium with an important contribution from cosmic rays. Consequently, cosmic rays can play a vital role for the launching of galactic winds in the disc--halo interface.
Using deep 21-cm HI data from the Green Bank Telescope we have detected an ~18.3 kpc-long gaseous extension associated with the starbursting dwarf galaxy IC 10. The newly-found feature stretches 1.3 deg to the northwest and has a large radial velocit
We present JHK-band near-infrared photometry of star clusters in the dwarf irregular galaxy IC 5152. After excluding possible foreground stars, a number of candidate star clusters are identified in the near-infrared images of IC 5152, which include y
Aims: We investigate the massive stellar content of the nearby dwarf irregular Wolf-Rayet galaxy IC 4662, and consider its global star forming properties in the context of other metal-poor galaxies, the SMC, IC 10 and NGC 1569. Methods: Very Large Te
Dense molecular gas and star formation are correlated in galaxies. The effect of low metallicity on this relationship is crucial for interpreting observations of high redshift galaxies, which have lower metallicities than galaxies today. However, it
We analysed a population of bright-red (BR) stars in the dwarf irregular galaxy Leo A by using multicolour photometry data obtained with the Subaru/Suprime-Cam ($B$, $V$, $R$, $I$, $Halpha$) and HST/ACS ($F475W$ & $F814W$) instruments. In order to se