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The generation of random bits is of enormous importance in modern information science. Cryptographic security is based on random numbers which require a physical process for their generation. This is commonly performed by hardware random number generators. These exhibit often a number of problems, namely experimental bias, memory in the system, and other technical subtleties, which reduce the reliability in the entropy estimation. Further, the generated outcome has to be post-processed to iron out such spurious effects. Here, we present a purely optical randomness generator, based on the bi-stable output of an optical parametric oscillator. Detector noise plays no role and no further post-processing is required. Upon entering the bi-stable regime, initially the resulting output phase depends on vacuum fluctuations. Later, the phase is rigidly locked and can be well determined versus a pulse train, which is derived from the pump laser. This delivers an ambiguity-free output, which is reliably detected and associated with a binary outcome. The resulting random bit stream resembles a perfect coin toss and passes all relevant randomness measures. The random nature of the generated binary outcome is furthermore confirmed by an analysis of resulting conditional entropies.
Quantum random number generation exploits inherent randomness of quantum mechanical processes and measurements. Real-time generation rate of quantum random numbers is usually limited by electronic bandwidth and data processing rates. Here we use a mu
Phase-randomized optical homodyne detection is a well-known technique for performing quantum state tomography. So far, it has been mainly considered a sophisticated tool for laboratory experiments but unsuitable for practical applications. In this wo
A bias-free source-independent quantum random number generator scheme based on the measurement of vacuum fluctuation is proposed to realize the effective elimination of system bias and common mode noise introduced by the local oscillator. Optimal par
We propose and demonstrate a scheme to realize a high-efficiency truly quantum random number generator (RNG) at room temperature (RT). Using an effective extractor with simple time bin encoding method, the avalanche pulses of avalanche photodiode (AP
We propose a method for quantum noise extraction from the interference of laser pulses with random phase. Our technique is based on the calculation of a parameter, which we called the quantum reduction factor, and which allows determining the contrib