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Since the discovery of the first radio pulsar fifty years ago, the population of neutron stars in our Galaxy has grown to over 2,600. A handful of these sources, exclusively seen in X-rays, show properties that are not observed in normal pulsars. Despite their scarcity, they are key to understanding aspects of the neutron star phenomenology and evolution. The forthcoming all-sky survey of eROSITA will unveil the X-ray faint end of the neutron star population at unprecedented sensitivity; therefore, it has the unique potential to constrain evolutionary models and advance our understanding of the sources that are especially silent in the radio and $gamma$-ray regimes. In this contribution I discuss the expected role of eROSITA, and the challenges it will face, at probing the galactic neutron star population.
X-ray emission from the surface of isolated neutron stars (NSs) has been now observed in a variety of sources. The ubiquitous presence of pulsations clearly indicates that thermal photons either come from a limited area, possibly heated by some exter
Strongly magnetized isolated neutron stars (NSs) are categorized into two families, according mainly to their magnetic field strength. The one with a higher magnetic field of $10^{14}$ - $10^{15}$ G is called magnetar, characterized with repeated sho
Peculiar groups of X-ray emitting isolated neutron stars, which include magnetars, the Magnificent Seven, and central compact objects in supernova remnants, escape detection in standard pulsar surveys. Yet, they constitute a key element in understand
G315.4-2.3 is a young Galactic supernova remnant (SNR), whose identification as the remains of a Type-II supernova (SN) explosion has been debated for a long time. In particular, recent multi-wavelength observations suggest that it is the result of a
AX J1754.2-2754, 1RXS J171824.2-402934 and 1RXH J173523.7-354013 are three persistent neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries that display a 2--10 keV accretion luminosity Lx of only (1-10)x1E34 erg s-1 (i.e., only ~0.005-0.05 % of the Eddington limit).