ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Nonequilibrium free energy estimation conditioned on measurement outcomes

360   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Shahaf Asban
 تاريخ النشر 2017
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

The Jarzynski equality is one of the most influential results in the field of non equilibrium statistical mechanics. This celebrated equality allows to calculate equilibrium free energy differences from work distributions of nonequilibrium processes. In practice, such calculations often suffer from poor convergence due to the need to sample rare events. Here we examine if the inclusion of measurement and feedback can improve the convergence of nonequilibrium free energy calculations. A modified version of the Jarzynski equality in which realizations with a given outcome are kept, while others are discarded, is used. We find that discarding realizations with unwanted outcomes can result in improved convergence compared to calculations based on the Jarzynski equality. We argue that the observed improved convergence is closely related to Bennetts acceptance ratio method, which was developed without any reference to measurements or feedback.

قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

130 - Jen-Tsung Hsiang , B. L. Hu 2020
A definition of nonequilibrium free energy $mathcal{F}_{textsc{s}}$ is proposed for dynamical Gaussian quantum open systems strongly coupled to a heat bath and a formal derivation is provided by way of the generating functional in terms of the coarse -grained effective action and the influence action. For Gaussian open quantum systems exemplified by the quantum Brownian motion model studied here, a time-varying effective temperature can be introduced in a natural way, and with it, the nonequilibrium free energy $mathcal{F}_{textsc{s}}$, von Neumann entropy $mathcal{S}_{vN}$ and internal energy $mathcal{U}_{textsc{s}}$ of the reduced system ($S$) can be defined accordingly. In contrast to the nonequilibrium free energy found in the literature which references the bath temperature, the nonequilibrium thermodynamic functions we find here obey the familiar relation $mathcal{F}_{textsc{s}}(t)=mathcal{U}_{textsc{s}}(t)- T_{textsc{eff}} (t),mathcal{S}_{vN}(t)$ {it at any and all moments of time} in the systems fully nonequilibrium evolution history. After the system equilibrates they coincide, in the weak coupling limit, with their counterparts in conventional equilibrium thermodynamics. Since the effective temperature captures both the state of the system and its interaction with the bath, upon the systems equilibration, it approaches a value slightly higher than the initial bath temperature. Notably, it remains nonzero for a zero-temperature bath, signaling the existence of system-bath entanglement. Reasonably, at high bath temperatures and under ultra-weak couplings, it becomes indistinguishable from the bath temperature. The nonequilibrium thermodynamic functions and relations discovered here for dynamical Gaussian quantum systems should open up useful pathways toward establishing meaningful theories of nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics.
We build a double quantum-dot system with Coulomb coupling and aim at studying the connections among the entropy production, free energy, and information flow. By utilizing the concepts in stochastic thermodynamics and graph theory analysis, the Clau sius and nonequilibrium free energy inequalities are built to interpret the local second law of thermodynamics for subsystems. A fundamental set of cycle fluxes and affinities is identified to decompose the two inequalities by using Schnakenbergs network theory. The results show that the thermodynamic irreversibility has the energy-related and information-related contributions. A global cycle associated with the feedback-induced information flow would pump electrons against the bias voltage, which implements a Maxwell Demon.
We investigate the particle and heat transport in quantum junctions with the geometry of star graphs. The system is in a nonequilibrium steady state, characterized by the different temperatures and chemical potentials of the heat reservoirs connected to the edges of the graph. We explore the Landauer-Buettiker state and its orbit under parity and time reversal transformations. Both particle number and total energy are conserved in these states. However the heat and chemical potential energy are in general not separately conserved, which gives origin to a basic process of energy transmutation among them. We study both directions of this process in detail, introducing appropriate efficiency coefficients. For scale invariant interactions in the junction our results are exact and explicit. They cover the whole parameter space and take into account all nonlinear effects. The energy transmutation depends on the particle statistics.
The energy dissipation rate in a nonequilibirum reaction system can be determined by the reaction rates in the underlying reaction network. By developing a coarse-graining process in state space and a corresponding renormalization procedure for react ion rates, we find that energy dissipation rate has an inverse power-law dependence on the number of microscopic states in a coarse-grained state. The dissipation scaling law requires self-similarity of the underlying network, and the scaling exponent depends on the network structure and the flux correlation. Implications of this inverse dissipation scaling law for active flow systems such as microtubule-kinesin mixture are discussed.
We derive the optimal estimates of the free energies of an arbitrary number of thermodynamic states from nonequilibrium work measurements; the work data are collected from forward and reverse switching processes and obey a fluctuation theorem. The ma ximum likelihood formulation properly reweights all pathways contributing to a free energy difference, and is directly applicable to simulations and experiments. We demonstrate dramatic gains in efficiency by combining the analysis with parallel tempering simulations for alchemical mutations of model amino acids.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا