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Visibility algorithms are a family of geometric and ordering criteria by which a real-valued time series of N data is mapped into a graph of N nodes. This graph has been shown to often inherit in its topology non-trivial properties of the series structure, and can thus be seen as a combinatorial representation of a dynamical system. Here we explore in some detail the relation between visibility graphs and symbolic dynamics. To do that, we consider the degree sequence of horizontal visibility graphs generated by the one-parameter logistic map, for a range of values of the parameter for which the map shows chaotic behaviour. Numerically, we observe that in the chaotic region the block entropies of these sequences systematically converge to the Lyapunov exponent of the system. Via Pesin identity, this in turn suggests that these block entropies are converging to the Kolmogorov- Sinai entropy of the map, which ultimately suggests that the algorithm is implicitly and adaptively constructing phase space partitions which might have the generating property. To give analytical insight, we explore the relation k(x), x in[0,1] that, for a given datum with value x, assigns in graph space a node with degree k. In the case of the out-degree sequence, such relation is indeed a piece-wise constant function. By making use of explicit methods and tools from symbolic dynamics we are able to analytically show that the algorithm indeed performs an effective partition of the phase space and that such partition is naturally expressed as a countable union of subintervals, where the endpoints of each subinterval are related to the fixed point structure of the iterates of the map and the subinterval enumeration is associated with particular ordering structures that we called motifs.
We employ the horizontal visibility algorithm to map the velocity and acceleration time series in turbulent flows with different Reynolds numbers, onto complex networks. The universal nature of velocity fluctuations in high Reynolds turbulent Helium
Network motif analysis is a useful tool for the investigation of complex networks. We study the profiles of tetradic motifs in horizontal visibility graphs (HVGs) converted from multifractal binomial measures, fractional Gaussian noises, and heartbea
Let $G$ be the group $mathbb{Z}^d$ or the monoid $mathbb{N}^d$ where $d$ is a positive integer. Let $X$ be a subshift over $G$, i.e., a closed and shift-invariant subset of $A^G$ where $A$ is a finite alphabet. We prove that the topological entropy o
The symbolic dynamics technique is well-known for low-dimensional dynamical systems and chaotic maps, and lies at the roots of the thermodynamic formalism of dynamical systems. Here we show that this technique can also be successfully applied to time
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