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تسجيل مستخدم جديدLocal Group Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxies in the Reionization Era
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Motivated by the stellar fossil record of Local Group (LG) dwarf galaxies, we show that the star-forming ancestors of the faintest ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs; ${rm M}_{rm V}$ $sim -2$ or ${rm M}_{star}$ $sim 10^{2}$ at $z=0$) had ultra-violet (UV) luminosities of ${rm M}_{rm UV}$ $sim -3$ to $-6$ during reionization ($zsim6-10$). The existence of such faint galaxies has substantial implications for early epochs of galaxy formation and reionization. If the faint-end slopes of the UV luminosity functions (UVLFs) during reionization are steep ($alphalesssim-2$) to ${rm M}_{rm UV}$ $sim -3$, then: (i) the ancestors of UFDs produced $>50$% of UV flux from galaxies; (ii) galaxies can maintain reionization with escape fractions that are $>$2 times lower than currently-adopted values; (iii) direct HST and JWST observations may detect only $sim10-50$% of the UV light from galaxies; (iv) the cosmic star formation history increases by $gtrsim4-6$ at $zgtrsim6$. Significant flux from UFDs, and resultant tensions with LG dwarf galaxy counts, are reduced if the high-redshift UVLF turns over. Independent of the UVLF shape, the existence of a large population of UFDs requires a non-zero luminosity function to ${rm M}_{rm UV}$ $sim -3$ during reionization.
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