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We performed a global study on the timing and spectral properties of type-B quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the outbursts of black hole X-ray binaries. The sample is built based on the observations of {it Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer}, via searching in the literature in RXTE era for all the identified type-B QPOs. To enlarge the sample, we also investigated some type-B QPOs that are reported but not yet fully identified. Regarding to the time lag and hard/soft flux ratio, we found that the sources with type-B QPOs behave in two subgroups. In one subgroup, type-B QPO shows a hard time lag that firstly decreases and then reverse into a soft time lag along with softening of the energy spectrum. In the other subgroup, type-B QPOs distribute only in a small region with hard time lag and relatively soft hardness. These findings may be understood with a diversity of the homogeneity showing up for the hot inner flow of different sources. We confirm the universality of a positive relation between the type-B QPO frequency and the hard component luminosity in different sources. We explain the results by considering that the type-B QPO photons are produced in the inner accretion flow around the central black hole, under a local Eddington limit. Using this relationship, we derived an mass estimation of $9.3-27.1$ $rm{M_{odot}}$ for the black hole in H 1743-322.
We present the results of the analysis of a large database of X-ray observations of 22 galactic black-hole transients with the Rossi X-Ray timing explorer throughout its operative life for a total exposure time of ~12 Ms. We excluded persistent syste
We proposed that the spectral evolution of transient X-ray binaries (XrB) is due to an interplay between two flows: a standard accretion disk (SAD) in the outer parts and a jet-emitting disk (JED) in the inner parts. We showed in previous papers that
We present a systematic spectral-timing analysis of a fast appearance/disappearance of a type-B quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO), observed in four NICER observations of MAXI J1348-630. By comparing the spectra of the period with and without the type-
We investigate the behaviour of the accretion discs in the outbursts of the low-mass black-hole X-ray binaries (BHXRB), an overview of which we have presented previously. Almost all of the systems in which there are sufficient observations in the mos
A number of black hole X-ray transients show quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the optical (ultraviolet) and X-ray bands at the same frequency, which challenge models for production of radiation at these wavelengths. We propose a model where the