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Radially anisotropic systems with $r^{-alpha}$ forces. II: radial-orbit instability

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 نشر من قبل Pierfrancesco Di Cintio
 تاريخ النشر 2016
  مجال البحث فيزياء
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We continue to investigate the dynamics of collisionless systems of particles interacting via additive $r^{-alpha}$ interparticle forces. Here we focus on the dependence of the radial-orbit instability on the force exponent $alpha$. By means of direct $N$-body simulations we study the stability of equilibrium radially anisotropic Osipkov-Merritt spherical models with Hernquist density profile and with $1leqalpha<3$. We determine, as a function of $alpha$, the minimum value for stability of the anisotropy radius $r_{as}$ and of the maximum value of the associated stability indicator $xi_s$. We find that, for decreasing $alpha$, $r_{as}$ decreases and $xi_s$ increases, i.e. longer-range forces are more robust against radial-orbit instability. The isotropic systems are found to be stable for all the explored values of $alpha$. The end products of unstable systems are all markedly triaxial with minor-to-major axial ratio $>0.3$, so they are never flatter than an E7 system.



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We continue the study of collisionless systems governed by additive $r^{-alpha}$ interparticle forces by focusing on the influence of the force exponent $alpha$ on radial orbital anisotropy. In this preparatory work we construct the radially anisotro pic Osipkov-Merritt phase-space distribution functions for self-consistent spherical Hernquist models with $r^{-alpha}$ forces and $1leqalpha<3$. The resulting systems are isotropic at the center and increasingly dominated by radial orbits at radii larger than the anisotropy radius $r_a$. For radially anisotropic models we determine the minimum value of the anisotropy radius $r_{ac}$ as a function of $alpha$ for phase-space consistency (such that the phase-space distribution function is nowhere negative for $r_ageq r_{ac}$). We find that $r_{ac}$ decreases for decreasing $alpha$, and that the amount of kinetic energy that can be stored in the radial direction relative to that stored in the tangential directions for marginally consistent models increases for decreasing $alpha$. In particular, we find that isotropic systems are consistent in the explored range of $alpha$. By means of direct $N$-body simulations we finally verify that the isotropic systems are also stable.
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