ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Interferometric Monitoring of Gamma-ray Bright AGNs I: Results of Single-epoch Multifrequency Observations

270   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Sang-Sung Lee
 تاريخ النشر 2016
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English
 تأليف Sang-Sung Lee




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

We present results of single-epoch very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of gamma-ray bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) at 22, 43, 86, and 129~GHz bands, which are part of a KVN key science program, Interferometric Monitoring of Gamma-ray Bright AGNs (iMOGABA). We selected a total of 34 radio-loud AGNs of which 30 sources are gamma-ray bright AGNs with flux densities of $>6times10^{-10}$~ph~cm$^{-2}$~s$^{-1}$. Single-epoch multi-frequency VLBI observations of the target sources were conducted during a 24-hr session on 2013 November 19 and 20. All observed sources were detected and imaged at all frequency bands with or without a frequency phase transfer technique which enabled the imaging of 12 faint sources at 129~GHz, except for one source. Many of the target sources are resolved on milliarcsecond scales, yielding a core-jet structure with the VLBI core dominating the synchrotron emission on the milliarcsecond scale. CLEAN flux densities of the target sources are 0.43-28~Jy, 0.32-21~Jy, 0.18-11~Jy, and 0.35-8.0~Jy in the 22, 43, 86, and 129~GHz bands, respectively.



قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

We present the results of simultaneous multi-frequency imaging observations at 22, 43, 86, and 129,GHz of OJ,287. We used the Korean VLBI Network as part of the Interferometric MOnitoring of GAmma-ray Bright active galactic nuclei (iMOGABA). The iMOG ABA observations were performed during 31 epochs from 2013 January 16 to 2016 December 28. We also used 15,GHz OVRO and 225,GHz SMA flux density data. We analyzed four flux enhancements in the light curves. The estimated time scales of three flux enhancements were similar with time scales of $sim$50 days at two frequencies. A fourth flux enhancement had a variability timescale approximately twice as long. We found that 225,GHz enhancements led the 15,GHz enhancements by a range of 7 to 30 days in the time delay analysis. We found the fractional variability did not change with frequency between 43 and 86,GHz. We could reliably measure the turnover frequency, $ u_{rm c}$, of the core of the source in three epochs. This was measured to be in a range from 27 to 50,GHz and a flux density at the turnover frequency, $S_{rm m}$, ranging from 3-6,Jy. The derived SSA magnetic fields, $B_{rm SSA}$, are in a range from $0.157pm0.104$ to $0.255pm0.146$ mG. We estimated the equipartition magnetic field strengths to be in a range from $0.95pm0.15$ to $1.93pm0.30$ mG. The equipartition magnetic field strengths are up to a factor of 10 higher than the values of $B_{rm SSA}$. We conclude that the downstream jet may be more particle energy dominated.
128 - S. Kang , S.-S. Lee (1 2021
We present the results of multi-epoch, multi-frequency monitoring of a blazar 4C +29.45, which was regularly monitored as part of the Interferometric Monitoring of GAmma-ray Bright Active Galactic Nuclei (iMOGABA) program - a key science program of t he Korean Very long baseline interferometry Network (KVN). Observations were conducted simultaneously at 22, 43, 86, and 129 GHz during the 4 years from 5 December 2012 to 28 December 2016. We also used additional data from the 15 GHz Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) monitoring program. From the 15 GHz light curve, we estimated the variability time scales of the source during several radio flux enhancements. We found that the source experienced 6 radio flux enhancements with variability time scales of 9-187 days during the observing period, yielding corresponding variability Doppler factors of 9-27. From the multi-frequency simultaneous KVN observations, we were able to obtain accurate radio spectra of the source and hence to more precisely measure the turnover frequencies $ u_{rm r}$ of synchrotron self-absorbed (SSA) emission with a mean value of $ u_{rm r}$ = 28.9 GHz. Using jet geometry assumptions, we estimated the size of the emitting region at the turnover frequency. We found that the equipartition magnetic field strength is up to two orders of magnitudes higher than the SSA magnetic field strength (0.001-0.1 G). This is consistent with the source being particle dominated. We performed a careful analysis of the systematic errors related to making these estimations. From the results, we concluded that the equipartition region locates upstream the SSA region.
We started two observing programs with the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) monitoring changes in the flux density and polarization of relativistic jets in gamma-ray bright AGNs simultaneously at 22, 43, 86, 129 GHz. One is a single-dish weekly-observing pr ogram in dual polarization with KVN 21-m diameter radio telescopes beginning in 2011 May. The other is a VLBI monthly-observing program with the three-element VLBI network at an angular resolution range of 1.0--9.2 mas beginning in 2012 December. The monitoring observations aim to study correlation of variability in gamma-ray with that in radio flux density and polarization of relativistic jets when they flare up. These observations enable us to study the origin of the gamma-ray flares of AGNs.
We have started a long-term reverberation mapping project using the Wyoming Infrared Observatory 2.3 meter telescope titled Monitoring AGNs with Hbeta Asymmetry (MAHA). The motivations of the project are to explore the geometry and kinematics of the gas responsible for complex Hbeta emission-line profiles, ideally leading to an understanding of the structures and origins of the broad-line region (BLR). Furthermore, such a project provides the opportunity to search for evidence of close binary supermassive black holes. We describe MAHA and report initial results from our first campaign, from December 2016 to May 2017, highlighting velocity-resolved time lags for four AGNs with asymmetric Hbeta lines. We find that 3C 120, Ark 120, and Mrk 6 display complex features different from the simple signatures expected for pure outflow, inflow, or a Keplerian disk. While three of the objects have been previously reverberation mapped, including velocity-resolved time lags in the cases of 3C 120 and Mrk 6, we report a time lag and corresponding black hole mass measurement for SBS 1518+593 for the first time. Furthermore, SBS 1518+593, the least asymmetric of the four, does show velocity-resolved time lags characteristic of a Keplerian disk or virialized motion more generally. Also, the velocity-resolved time lags of 3C 120 have significantly changed since previously observed, indicating an evolution of its BLR structure. Future analyses of the data for these objects and others in MAHA will explore the full diversity of Hbeta lines and the physics of AGN BLRs.
We present $gamma$-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared light curves of 33 $gamma$-ray bright blazars over four years that we have been monitoring since 2008 August with multiple optical, ground-based telescopes and the Swift satellite , and augmented by data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and other publicly available data from Swift. The sample consists of 21 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) and 12 BL Lac objects (BL Lacs). We identify quiescent and active states of the sources based on their $gamma$-ray behavior. We derive $gamma$-ray, X-ray, and optical spectral indices, $alpha_gamma$, $alpha_X$, and $alpha_o$, respectively ($F_ upropto u^alpha$), and construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) during quiescent and active states. We analyze the relationships between different spectral indices, blazar classes, and activity states. We find (i) significantly steeper $gamma$-ray spectra of FSRQs than for BL Lacs during quiescent states, but a flattening of the spectra for FSRQs during active states while the BL Lacs show no significant change; (ii) a small difference of $alpha_X$ within each class between states, with BL Lac X-ray spectra significantly steeper than in FSRQs; (iii) a highly peaked distribution of X-ray spectral slopes of FSRQs at $sim-$0.60, but a very broad distribution of $alpha_X$ of BL Lacs during active states; (iv) flattening of the optical spectra of FSRQs during quiescent states, but no statistically significant change of $alpha_o$ of BL Lacs between states; and (v) a positive correlation between optical and $gamma$-ray spectral slopes of BL Lacs, with similar values of the slopes. We discuss the findings with respect to the relative prominence of different components of high-energy and optical emission as the flux state changes.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا