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Recent genome and transcriptome sequencing projects have unveiled a plethora of highly structured RNA molecules as central mediators of cellular function. Single molecule Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) is a powerful tool for analyzing the temporal evolution of the global structure of individual RNA molecules, in pursuit of understanding their essential structure-dynamics-function relationships. In contrast to enzymatic and chemical footprinting, NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, smFRET yields temporally resolved, quantitative information about single molecules rather than only time and ensemble averages of entire populations. This enables unique observations of transient and rare conformations under both equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions.
Competition to bind microRNAs induces an effective positive crosstalk between their targets, therefore known as `competing endogenous RNAs or ceRNAs. While such an effect is known to play a significant role in specific conditions, estimating its stre
The effect of polyvalent molecular cations, such as spermine, on the condensation of DNA into very well-defined toroidal shapes have been well studied and understood. However, a great effort has been made trying to obtain similar condensed structures
Global coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) caused by newly identified SARS- CoV-2 coronavirus continues to claim the lives of thousands of people worldwide. The unavailability of specific medications to treat COVID-19 has led to drug repositionin
Signaling pathways serve to communicate information about extracellular conditions into the cell, to both the nucleus and cytoplasmic processes to control cell responses. Genetic mutations in signaling network components are frequently associated wit
The evolution of the genome has led to very sophisticated and complex regulation. Because of the abundance of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in the cell, different species will promiscuously associate with each other, suggesting collective dynamics similar t