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The Raman 2D line of graphene is widely used for device characterization and during device fabrication as it contains valuable information on e.g. the direction and magnitude of mechanical strain and doping. Here we present systematic asymmetries in the 2D line shape of exfoliated graphene and graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition. Both graphene crystals are fully encapsulated in van der Waals heterostructures, where hexagonal boron nitride and tungsten diselenide are used as substrate materials. In both material stacks, we find very low doping values and extremely homogeneous strain distributions in the graphene crystal, which is a hall mark of the outstanding electronic quality of these samples. By fitting double Lorentzian functions to the spectra to account for the contributions of inner and outer processes to the 2D peak, we find that the splitting of the sub-peaks, $6.6 pm 0.5$ cm$^{-1}$(hBN-Gr-WSe2) and $8.9 pm 1.0$ cm$^{-1}$ (hBN-Gr-hBN), is significantly lower than the values reported in previous studies on suspended graphene.
Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures serve as a promising platform to exploit various physical phenomena in a diverse range of novel spintronic device applications. The efficient spin injection is the prerequisite for these devices. Th
Graphene constitutes one of the key elements in many functional van der Waals heterostructures. However, it has negligible optical visibility due to its monolayer nature. Here we study the visibility of graphene in various van der Waals heterostructu
Two dimensional materials are usually envisioned as flat, truly 2D layers. However out-of-plane corrugations are inevitably present in these materials. In this manuscript, we show that graphene flakes encapsulated between insulating crystals (hBN, WS
Electrochemical intercalation is a powerful method for tuning the electronic properties of layered solids. In this work, we report an electro-chemical strategy to controllably intercalate lithium ions into a series of van der Waals (vdW) heterostruct
In van der Waals heterostructures, electronic bands of two-dimensional (2D) materials, their nontrivial topology, and electron-electron interactions can be dramatically changed by a moire pattern induced by twist angles between different layers. Such